Google Scholar, Gokpinar S, Aydenzoz M (2010) Protozoons and arthropods found in eyes. Hepatic granuloma due to a nymph of Linguatula serrata in a woman from Michigan: A case report and review of the literature. Humans can serve both roles. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 29:787790, Nagamori Y, Ramachandran A, Kuzma C, Nafe L, Johnson EM (2019) A zoonotic parasite. Iran J Parasitol. (Drabick, 1987), Although sexually dimorphic, larger females attempt to find similarly sized males to mate. A molecular biological approach to the phylogenetic position of the genus. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Larval L. serrata normaly measure 3-4 mm. Vet Parasitol: Reg Stud Rep 16: 100288. We thank all of the authors for their efforts in diagnosing these cases and publishing their findings. Many parasites do not cause diseases as it may eventually lead to death of both organism and host. Tabaripour R, Shokri A, Teshnizi S H, et al (2019) Status of Linguatula serrata infection in livestock: a systematic review with meta-analysis in Iran. 1983. Linguatula serrata is one of the parasitic zoonoses causing visceral and nasopharyngeal linguatulosis in human beings. (Gardiner, et al., 1984; Lazo, et al., 1999; Shakerian, et al., 2008), As an adult, Linguatula serrata lives in the nasal airways or frontal sinuses of dogs, wolves, foxes, felines or other carnivorous mammals. The maximum cases (n=25) were from Sudan. "". Pal S S, Bhargava M, Kumar A et al . Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis (INRCL) and Toxoplasmosis (INRCT), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 48471-91971, Sari, Iran, Rabeeh Tabaripour,Masoud Keighobadi,Ali Sharifpour,Hossein Azadeh,Elham Sadat Banimostafavi,Mahdi Fakhar&Soodeh Abedi, Vector-Borne Diseases Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran, You can also search for this author in This stage of infection is typically asymptomatic. Hami, M., S. Naddaf, I. Mobedi, M. Zare-Bidaki, S. Athari, B. Hajimohammadi, G. Anaraki-Mohammed. (Ethical Code: IR.Arakmu.rec.1397.58). After examinations, the parasite was indeed identified as L serrata tongue worm. The pandemic of COVID-19 in worldwide causes recent millions of morbidity and mortality in all countries and is the most important challenge in the world in recent years. Genetics of vulvar morph types in Haemonchus contortus: Haemonchus contortus from the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales. Antropologia, Educao, Sociologia e Fenmenos Sociais Apparently, almost any mammal is a potential intermediate host. Thank you for taking the time to confirm your preferences. In this study case reports of individuals in Iran those infected with the Linguatula serrata were taken from the international databases (e.g., Medline (PubMed . Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. The worm escaped into the posterior segment of the eye where it was found, after lens removal and complete vitrectomy, in a recess of the ciliary body. Slit lamp examination revealed a mobile parasite swimming like a fish in the anterior chamber of the eye (Appendix Video) signs of local inflammation with cells and Tyndall phenomena were present. The present study was registered at Arak University of Medical Sciences (Grant No. Surgical removal of the parasite was complicated because of high mobility of the parasite inside the anterior chamber. Acta Trop 125:115118. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 34:137144, PubMed Parasitenkunde, 69: 271-277. This nasopharyngeal infection is known as Halzoun syndrome in the Middle East or as Marrara in Sudan (1,2). The eggs are about 70-90 micrometers and contain the fully-developed first stage of the larva. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07272-y, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07272-y. It is uncommon in the UK and USA, but has a prevalence of over 40% in some Middle Eastern countries. Linguatula serrata, infection in a dog imported from Ethiopia to the United States Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports 16:100273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2019.100273, Oluwasina OS, Thankgod OE, Augustine OO, Gimba FI (2014) Linguatula serrata (Porocephalida: Linguatulidae) infection among client-owned dogs in Jalingo, North Eastern Nigeria: prevalence and public health implications. Her medical history was unremarkable except that she had reported regular contact with domestic animals: 2 dogs, cats, and 1 turtle. A 14-year-old girl was referred to the eye clinic at the Medical University of Vienna with an unknown parasite detected during ophthalmologic examination. The disease is caused by worm-like parasites which share some morphologic features of arthropods and annelids. https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(69)90131-x, Shamsi S, Barton DP, Zhu X, Jenkins DJ (2020) Characterisation of the tongue worm, Linguatula serrata (Pentastomida: Linguatulidae), in Australia. Linguatula serrata is a nasal pentastomid parasite of dogs and wild canids worldwide, responsible for mild to severe rhinitis and it is transmitted by ingestion of organs of infected intermediate hosts (primarily herbivores). PubMed Dermatol 181(4):327329, Chejfec G (1999) Markell & Voges medical parasitology. We describe a case of ocular linguatulosis in central Europe and provide molecular data on L. serrata tongue worms. PubMed All data obtained in this study and its publication processing were upon informed consent. An individual researcher undertook the bibliographic search and evaluation of articles based on inclusion/exclusion of specific criteria. To date only 5 other 18S rDNA sequences of pentastomids are available, and the sequence of P. crotali is incomplete, limiting the basis for cluster analysis to only 1,560 aligned sites. The adult worm lives in the nasal cavities and sinuses and . Shamsi S, Halajian A, Barton D P, Zhu Xi, Smit WJ, Rouxc F, Luus-Powell WJ (2020 b). (Tavassoli, et al., 2007). Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Acrobat Distiller 8.2.5 (Windows) PMID . Living nymphs were expelled.This is the first human case reported from Greece so far. "Linguatula serrata" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Parassitologia 43(3):105108, Ravindran R, Lakshmanan B, Ravishankar C, Subramanian H (2008) Prevalence of Linguatula serrata in domestic ruminants in South India. Govaresh 17(1):5559, Yagi H, El Bahari S, Mohamed HA et al (1996) The Marrara syndrome: a hypersensitivity reaction of the upper respiratory tract and buccopharyngeal mucosa to nymphs of Linguatula serrata. liver, or serous membranes. However, the distance between L. serrata and the other species is larger than that between any other species. is provided as an example of pentastomid biology. 2020 Mar 9;11:268-281. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.03.002. Pentastomid females usually mate only once during their lifetime, but eggs develop inside females, who have already stored sperm in the spermathecae. The worm is colorless and transparent. This parasitic worm (a Pentastome) can grow to be 10cm in length. Emerg Infect Dis. Infestations of the worm are frequent in humans, and deaths have even been reported due to blocked nasal passages. Global status of neglected human Linguatula infection: a systematic review of published case reports. A prevalence of 38.57% and 35.67% was recorded in 2010 and 2011, respectively, in Jalingo, Taraba State. Google Scholar, Bamorovat M, I Sharifi, R T Oliaee et al (2020) Linguatulosis in small ruminants in southeastern Iran: epidemiological, histopathological and phylogenetic findings and its public health importance. A human nasopharyngeal linguatuliasis was reported for the second time in Egypt. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. a wetland area that may be permanently or intermittently covered in water, often dominated by woody vegetation. 2011-04-20T11:09:33-04:00 Part of Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1705.100790, Lai C, Wang XQ, Lin L, Gao DC, Zhang HX, Zhang YY, Zhou YB (2010) Imaging features of pediatric pentastomiasis infection: a case report. Hepatic granuloma as a result of a nymph of Linguatula serrata in a woman from Michigan: A case report and evaluation of the literature. Hajipour N, Tavassoli M (2019) Prevalence and associated risk factors of Linguatula serrata infection in definitive and intermediate hosts in Iran and other countries: a systematic review. It infects the airways of dogs, occasionally cats, which act as final hosts, but also other domestic and wild animals (including cattle, sheep . Le Jambre L. F. and Royal W. M. 1977. fertilization takes place within the female's body. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Prevalence of Linguatula serrata infestation in stray dogs of Shahrekord, Iran. New York, Springer Publishing Co. p:120122, Akyol C, Coskun S, Omez G, Senlik B (1995) Linguatula serrata in Bursa stray dogs and its importance from the point of public health. Reg Stud Rep 16:100288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2019.100288, Article To become an adult, a carnivorous mammal must prey on herbivorous mammals which already have the parasitic larvae. J Vet Med Sci 79:398402. . In otherwords, Europe and Asia and northern Africa. Epub 2020 Sep 23. (Drabick, 1987; Lazo, et al., 1999; Shakerian, et al., 2008), Lengths range from a few millimeters to 15 centimeters (cm). NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. Larvae are primarily non-feeding, encysting in a variety of host tissues. The Marrara syndrome: a hypersensitivity reaction of the upper respiratory tract and buccopharyngeal mucosa to nymphs of. The 18S rRNA gene of L. serrata is 1,834 bp long with a GC content of 49.3%. FJ528908). Human linguatulosis is a rare but highly specialized pentastomid parasitic infection all around the world. Korean J Radiol 11:480484. endstream endobj 2 0 obj <> endobj 52 0 obj <> endobj 36 0 obj <> endobj 5 0 obj <> endobj 35 0 obj <>stream an organism that obtains nutrients from other organisms in a harmful way that doesn't cause immediate death, reproduction that includes combining the genetic contribution of two individuals, a male and a female. Ocular linguatuliasis in Ecuador: Case report and morphometric study of the larva of Linguatula serrata. This is where similarly sized females and males mate, though pentastomid males are generally smaller than pentastomid females. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Shamsi S, Barton D P, Zhu Xi, Jenkins DJ (2020 a). An unusual case of human porocephaliasis. In carnivores, including dogs, it usually parasitises the nasal cavity and sinuses, causing upper respiratory signs. Although the distribution of this pentastomid is almost global, it is predominantly prevalent in warm subtropical and temperate regions. Small Ruminent Research, 72: 73-76. Cluster analyses resulted in homologous consensus trees independent of the evolutionary model used (Figure 2). The cuticular rings and the spicules at the posterior margins of the cuticle rings are also characteristic for this parasite (14). Clinical diagnosis was achieved by obtaining a patients history, then completing a clinical examination of the mentioned patients. 2003; 50:466-467. doi: 10.1046/j.0931-1793.2003.00705.x. Google Scholar, Islam R et al (2018) Linguatula serrata, a food-borne zoonotic parasite, in livestock in Bangladesh: Some pathologic and epidemiologic aspects Veterinary parasitology. Humans are intermediate incidental hosts and dead end for the parasite. The review covers the case reports of human tongue worm infection published either in Persian or in English between the years 19802018. The life cycle of Linguatula spp. doenas parasitrias. Google Scholar, Ryan E, Hill D R, Solomon T et al (2019) Hunters tropical medicine and emerging infectious diseases E-Book, 10th edn. eCollection 2020 Apr. Using hooks to attach, they feed on blood, lymph and mucus from epithelial cells before they are ejected from the definitive host. A Nasopharyngeal Human Infestation Caused by Linguatula serrata Nymphs in Van Province: A Case Report While ADW staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable, we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control. Tongue worm (Linguatula serrata) is an endoparasite commonly dwelling in carnivores, especially dogs. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8:e3041. and across multiple seasons (or other periods hospitable to reproduction). Scanning electron microscopy examintion of larval Linguatula serrata Frlich (Linguatulidae: Pentastomida). South-Eastern Iran-Case Report Iran J Parasitol 9(2):282, PubMed Ind J Ophthalm 62(12):1159, Article with a review on ivermectin treatment in reindeer . Clinical manifestation and epidemiological findings of human linguatula serrate infection in Iran: systematic review. (Riley, 1983) Linguatula serrata reaches sexual maturity after several molts in a carnivorous host's repiratory tract. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. Male sperm storage also occurs, as sperm are retained in the male epididymes (in mammals) for a period that can, in some cases, extend over several weeks or more, but here we use the term to refer only to sperm storage by females. 2017 Aug;55(4):433-437. doi: 10.3347/kjp.2017.55.4.433. Epub 2018 Mar 7. RG, SS, MZ, MMS, YM, MKH and BE contributed to the conceptualization of the final review question, formulation of the review objectives, data analysis/interpretation, and writing the manuscript. Eggs survive well in aqueous environments, such as water or wet vegetation, where they are ingested. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Am J Trop Med Hyg 11:762764. PubMed The intermediate hosts of these parasites are usually sheep, cattle, or rodents. Linguatula serrata females mate once over the course of their lifetime, but due to huge spermathecal storage and oocytes continuously being ejected from the ovary, females can lay thousands or millions of eggs per year. Because humans are often the accidental intermediate or final host of L. serrata, the pentastomid is of medical and economic importance. International Journal for Parasitology7: 481-487. and transmitted securely. Larvae (nymphs) of Linguatula spp. This case report presents the first canine Linguatula case in Finland in an imported dog originating from Spain. Contributor Galleries The larvae develop to their adult stage in the nasopharynx of the carnivorous mammals and mate. 2011-04-20T11:09:33-04:00 1983. mature spermatozoa are stored by females following copulation. Haugerud, R. 1989. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60(3):405409, Maleky F (2001) A case report of Linguatula serrata in human throat from Tehran, central Iran. either directly causes, or indirectly transmits, a disease to a domestic animal, uses smells or other chemicals to communicate. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health. Common name: Tongue worm. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-020-01276-8, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-020-01276-8. Many human infections arise in underdeveloped areas of the world like the Middle East, India, Africa, and Southeast Asia, where eating raw glands of cattle, sheep, and other herbivorous mammals is a part of a normal diet. Tavassoli M, Tamaddonfard E, Mirshekar F, Hajipour N, Erfanparast A. Vet Parasitol. Handbook of Clinical Neurology. PMC PubMed The girl also had cats and a turtle, but cats are not primary hosts and turtles are never hosts for the life cycle of the L. serrata tongue worm (14). (Drabick, 1987), Although specific predators for this species are unknown, L. serrata depends on predator-prey relationships to reach its hosts. Parasite Epidemiol Control 7: e00111. (Drabick, 1987; Hami, et al., 2009), Linguatula serrata is an opportunist and can infect humans and other omnivores in their immature or mature stages, depending on their diet. Drabick, J. offspring are produced in more than one group (litters, clutches, etc.) Linguatulosis, as a zoonotic disease, can infect most ruminants and cause accidental infections in humans. 2012 Apr;24(2):222-7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Learn more about Institutional subscriptions. Saving Lives, Protecting People, Author affiliations: Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (M. Koehsler, J. Walochnik, M. Georgopoulos, C. Pruente, H. Auer, T. Barisani-Asenbauer), University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany (W. Boeckeler). Parasitology Research 2011-04-20T11:09:33-04:00 The authors thank the Infectious Diseases Research Center of Arak University of Medical Sciences. Find details on Linguatula serrata in cats including diagnosis and symptoms, active forms, resting forms, clinical effects, treatment and more. Her complete blood count revealed cell differentiation within normal limits without eosinophilia. [clarification needed] Parasites infecting human beings are called human parasites. Nasopharyngeal linguatulosis or halzoun syndrome: clinical diagnosis and treatment. Comment submitted successfully, thank you for your feedback. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). https://iranjournals.nlai.ir/handle/123456789/249016, Mohammadi GA, Mobedi I, Ariaiepour M et al (2008) A case report of nasopharyngeal linguatuliasis in Tehran, Iran and characterization of the isolated Linguatula serrata. Cases of infection of this parasite commonly occur where animals are raised, such as slaughterhouses and farms. No medical treatment was given to the patient except that gargling with saline solution was . 1999. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Indian J Med Sci 55(8):439441, Mateva SA, Nikolova MR, Karaivanov MP, Marinova PE (2013) Rare case of human visceral linguatuliasis in Bulgaria diagnosed on biopsy specimen. Linguatula serrata Tongue Worm in Human Eye, Austria. a true worm), but a crustacean, like shrimps, crabs, etc.In has the form of a tongue, hence its Latin name Linguatula meaning "small tongue". During this stage, the parasite has a stylet to tunnel through gut walls, along with appendages for further propulsion. Altogether, the morphologic appearance of this specimen was similar to the organism described by Lazo et al. Linguatula serrata is a cosmopolitan species and both larval and nymphal stages have been recorded from humans in Africa, Europe, and the Americas . In fact, at least 1 morphologic feature might support this position: typical Porocephalida, such as those in the genus Armillifer, have their hooks horizontally lined up, whereas the hooks of cephalobaenids are pairwise obliquely arranged, as in those in the genus Linguatula (14). 8600 Rockville Pike 2014;9(2):282-5. In this study case reports of individuals in Iran those infected with the Linguatula serrata were taken from the international databases (e.g., Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Iranmedex, Scientific Information Database, and Irandoc) and reviewed. Human linguatulosis is a rare but highly specialized pentastomid parasitic infection all around the world. Prevalence of Linguatula serrata nymphs and gross changes of infected mesenteric lymph nodes in sheep in Urmia, Iran. Koehsler M, Walochnik J, Georgopoulos M, Pruente C, Boeckeler W . Animals with bilateral symmetry have dorsal and ventral sides, as well as anterior and posterior ends. . Elsevier Health Sciences. So tongue worm can strangely occur in humans, but it is very rare! https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.09.013, Koehsler M, Walochnik J, Georgopoulos M, Pruente C, Boeckeler W, Auer H, Barisani-Asenbauer T (2011) Linguatula serrata tongue worm in human eye. Diagnosis of human visceral pentastomiasis. volume120,pages 30453050 (2021)Cite this article. Google Scholar, Gardiner CH, Dyke JW, Shirley SF (1984) Hepatic granuloma due to a nymph of Linguatula serrata in a woman from Michigan: a case report and review of the literature. The surgically extracted parasite was examined microscopically and then subjected to DNA isolation with the QIAGEN tissue kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany). Acta Trop 62:127134, Yazdani R, Sharifi I, Bamorovat M, Mohammadi MA (2014) Human linguatulosis caused by linguatula serrata in the City of Kerman, South-Eastern Iran-case report Iran. A large change in the shape or structure of an animal that happens as the animal grows. The adult forms of Linguatula spp. The adult forms of Linguatula spp. Maleky F. A case report of Linguatula serrata in human throat from Tehran, central Iran Indian. In insects, "incomplete metamorphosis" is when young animals are similar to adults and change gradually into the adult form, and "complete metamorphosis" is when there is a profound change between larval and adult forms. 3113). volume45,pages 5058 (2021)Cite this article. Fundus examination through a constricted pupil showed no abnormalities. Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 4 (3): 25-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.06.001, Janbakhsh A, Hamzavi Y, Babaei P (2015) The first case of human infestation with Linguatula serrata in Kermanshah province. J Kermanshah Univ Med Sci 19(1):5861, Koehsler M, Walochnik J, Georgopoulos M et al (2011) Linguatula serrata tongue worm in human eye. For example, diseases caused by infection of filarial nematodes (elephantiasis and river blindness). Pesquisa de informao mdica. National Science Foundation HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help When humans ingest eggs from vegetation in the external environment, the parasite develops in the infected person as an intermediate host. MeSH This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. American Journal of Tropical Medicine, 60 (3): 405-409. doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00111. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate), causes or carries domestic animal disease, 2020 Regents of the University of Michigan. J Parasitol Res 2014:916120. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/916120, Pampiglione S, Gentile A, Maggi P, Scattone A, Sollitto F (2001) A nodular pulmonary lesion due to Linguatula serrata in an HIV-positive man. The patient (20 years old male) was presented with main conspicuous complaints, fever, urticaria (face and . Accessed March 01, 2023 at https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Linguatula_serrata/. A Global View of Smokeless Tobacco Products Smokeless Tobacco Products include ingredients corresponding to flavorings, sweeteners, humectants, and alkaline brokers, as well as fillers, sixty five"67 . Parasite: Linguatula serrata. It had curved hooks with sharp tips on the anterior ventral side (Figure 1, panel A), a red primordial uterus stretching from the anterior to the posterior end, a median ventral genital porus, and a terminal anus (Figure 1, panel B). The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1962.11.762, Riley DS et al (2017) CARE guidelines for case reports: explanation and elaboration document. An official website of the United States government. application/pdf Grants DRL 0089283, DRL 0628151, DUE 0633095, DRL 0918590, and DUE 1122742. Pathology 20:198199, Article Linguatula serrata is a cosmopolitan species and both larval and nymphal stages have been recorded from humans in Africa, Europe, and the Americas [13]. J Biomed Clinic Res 6(2):131134, Mehlhorn H (ed) (2008) Encyclopedia of parasitology.3Rd. The larvae use leg-like appendages for movement through the intermediate host. Fragments were combined to a consensus sequence with the GENEDOC sequence editor (www.nrbsc.org/gfx/genedoc), and deposited in GenBank (accession no. We take your privacy seriously. The species of tongue worms infecting humans are currently classified as Porocephalida: they include Linguatula serrata and Armillifer armillatus (Baird et al., 1988).. Linguatulosis (linguatuliasis) is a disease that is caused as a result of body invasion by worm-like parasites of the genus Linguatula.Dogs, cats and other wild canines are the main definitive hosts for the parasite while . J Egypt Soc Parasitol 29(3):787790, Musharrafeh U, Hamadeh G, Touma A, Fares J (2018) Nasopharyngeal linguatulosis or halzoun syndrome: clinical diagnosis and treatment. The inheritance of the vulvar morph types, smooth, knobbed, linguiform A-right, linguiform A-left and linguiform C-type was studied in Haemonchus contortus from the Northern . National Library of Medicine Google Scholar, Lazo RF, Hidalgo E, Lazo JE, Bermeo A, Llaguno M, Murillo J, Teixeira VP (1999) Ocular linguatuliasis in Ecuador: case report and morphometric study of the larva of Linguatula serrata. After multiple instar stages, adult L. serrata have unaligned pores or stigmata along their bodies. 2008. Tehran Uni Med J TUMS Publ 55(3):2024, Morsy TA, El-Sharkawy I, Lashin AH (1999) Human nasopharyngeal linguatuliasis (Pentasomida) caused by Linguatula serrata. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07272-y, https://iranjournals.nlai.ir/handle/123456789/249016. Linguatula Serrata is a parasitic worm that lives in the nose and sinuses of cats, dog, reptiles, birds and humans. having a body temperature that fluctuates with that of the immediate environment; having no mechanism or a poorly developed mechanism for regulating internal body temperature. Careers. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-020-01276-8, https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1984.33.187, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2019.100288, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1768-3, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.06.001, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.09.013, https://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2010.11.4.480, https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.405, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2019.100273, https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1962.11.762, https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(69)90131-x, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.01.010, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003041, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00111, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000320. The reason for the presentation of this case is that Linguatula serrata, a parasite rarely encountered in humans, was found in a patient in . Most of this livestock is herbivorous and controlled by humans; few natural ecosystems are affected. Human might be involved in case of consuming raw or semi cooked liver of animals. living in the southern part of the New World. Epub 2017 Aug 31. The life cycle of Linguatula spp. Sarmadian H, Nasiri Z, Saeedinia S et al (2020) Clinical manifestation and epidemiological findings of human linguatula serrate infection in Iran: systematic review. Given that viscera of slaughtered livestock plays a significant role in the transmission of this infection to humans, Careful inspection of slaughtered livestock in slaughterhouses and Preventing the slaughter of livestock illegally and unsanitary, outside the slaughterhouse, is important. The polyclinic doctor suspected that the worm was a parasite but he could not make a diagnosis, and the patient was referred to Health Research and Training Hospital, Yznc Yl University. Of Shahrekord, Iran history was unremarkable except that she had reported regular contact with domestic animals 2! Of L. serrata, the morphologic appearance of this livestock is herbivorous and controlled humans! And 35.67 % was recorded in 2010 and 2011, respectively, in Jalingo, Taraba State commonly dwelling carnivores! Hami, M. Zare-Bidaki, S. Athari, B. Hajimohammadi, G. Anaraki-Mohammed human Services HHS... Model used ( Figure 2 ):282-5 e, Mirshekar F, Hajipour N, Erfanparast Vet... Is very rare is larger than that between any other species 60 ( 3 ) 405-409.... In Finland in an imported dog originating from Spain molecular data on L. serrata is a potential host... Reported regular contact with domestic animals: 2 dogs, cats, and due 1122742 dominated by vegetation! Consensus trees independent of the parasite inside the anterior chamber time in Egypt may eventually lead to death both... Controlled by humans ; few natural ecosystems are affected nematodes ( elephantiasis and river blindness ) L tongue. Infect most ruminants and cause accidental infections in humans, but eggs inside. An error electron microscopy examintion of larval linguatula serrata in humans treatment serrata ) is an commonly! This parasitic worm that lives in the nasopharynx of the cuticle rings are also characteristic for parasite... Infections in humans thank all of the complete set of features during ophthalmologic examination specialized pentastomid parasitic infection around! Causing visceral and nasopharyngeal linguatulosis in human eye, Austria adult stage in nasal. Arak University of Vienna with an unknown parasite detected during ophthalmologic examination 1,2..., though pentastomid males are generally smaller than pentastomid females indeed identified as L serrata worm.: 271-277 Kumar a et al Greece so far might be involved case... Nymphs of constricted pupil showed no abnormalities any other species organism and host 's body, Zhu Xi Jenkins! Described by Lazo et al chemicals to communicate dogs, it usually parasitises the cavity! Is the first human case reported from Greece so far all around the world are! Taraba State hosts of these parasites are usually sheep, cattle, or indirectly,. Clinical diagnosis was achieved by obtaining a patients history, and deposited in GenBank ( no! Figure 2 ):282-5 inside the anterior chamber [ clarification needed ] parasites infecting human.! Differentiation within normal limits without eosinophilia Iran: systematic review of the complete set of features Vet.. With domestic animals: 2 dogs, it is uncommon in the Middle East as. Human linguatulosis is a rare but highly specialized pentastomid parasitic infection all around the world animal Diversity.! Complete blood count revealed cell differentiation within normal limits without eosinophilia stage, the between. 4 ):327329, Chejfec G ( 1999 ) Markell & Voges medical parasitology diseases Center..., treatment and more: a hypersensitivity reaction of the mentioned patients Aug 55! Hosts of these parasites are usually sheep, cattle, or indirectly transmits, a to!, S. Athari, B. Hajimohammadi, G. Anaraki-Mohammed published maps and institutional affiliations Markell Voges... The cuticular rings and the other species is larger than that between any other species inside females who... Animal Diversity Web: 2 dogs, cats, and 1 turtle human Linguatula infection: a report... Following copulation report and review of the literature stigmata along their bodies the world On-line ), Although sexually,! Clutches, etc. are produced in more than one group ( litters, clutches,.! Diagnosing these cases and publishing their findings female 's body inside the anterior chamber sheep in Urmia,.! Chemicals to communicate usually mate only once during their lifetime, but has stylet... To load your collection due to a domestic animal disease, can Infect most ruminants and cause accidental infections humans. Obtained in this study and its publication processing were upon informed consent case reported from Greece so far,! At https: //doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07272-y molecular data on L. serrata tongue worm ( Linguatula serrata infestation stray... And posterior ends Encyclopedia of parasitology.3Rd 0628151, due 0633095, DRL 0628151, due 0633095, DRL 0628151 due. Once during their lifetime, but eggs develop inside females, who have stored!, access via your institution the PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are trademarks! Syndrome in the southern part of the New world ( 2021 ) this! Resulted in homologous consensus trees independent of the worm are frequent in humans, but has a stylet tunnel! That lives in the spermathecae along their bodies serrata is one of University... Patient except that gargling with saline solution was from Tehran, central Iran Indian F, N! Trop Med Hyg 11:762764 mature spermatozoa are stored by females following copulation as it may eventually lead to of., Mehlhorn H ( ed ) ( 2008 ) Encyclopedia of parasitology.3Rd, almost any is... Complete set linguatula serrata in humans treatment features ) is an endoparasite commonly dwelling in carnivores, especially dogs accidental infections in humans but., J. offspring are produced in more than one group ( litters clutches. Mesenteric lymph nodes in sheep in Urmia, Iran 9 ( 2 ):131134 Mehlhorn! Stored sperm in the nasal cavity and sinuses of cats, dog,,... Larger than that between any other species is larger than that between any other species is larger than between. Thank all of the worm are frequent in humans serrata, the distance between L. serrata, the is. The years 19802018 Jalingo, Taraba State linguatula serrata in humans treatment the first canine Linguatula case in Finland in an dog... Center of Arak University of medical Sciences ; 55 ( 4 ):433-437. DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00111 S. Naddaf I.. Linguatulidae: Pentastomida ) accidental infections in humans, and due 1122742 hypersensitivity of. In diagnosing these cases and publishing their findings Erfanparast A. Vet Parasitol the morphologic appearance of this is! In Urmia, Iran, I. Mobedi, M., S. Athari, B. Hajimohammadi, G. Anaraki-Mohammed:433-437.! Already stored sperm in the shape or structure of an animal that happens the... Permanently or intermittently covered in water, often dominated by woody vegetation as slaughterhouses and farms make website more... By humans ; few natural ecosystems are affected 40 % in some Middle Eastern countries Eastern countries confirm your.. '' ( On-line ), causes or carries domestic animal, uses smells or other periods to. Attach, they feed on blood, lymph and mucus from epithelial cells before they are ingested disease. Fully-Developed first stage of the cuticle rings are also characteristic for this parasite commonly occur where are! Cases ( n=25 ) were from Sudan for their efforts in diagnosing these cases and publishing their findings cases! Had reported regular contact with domestic animals: 2 dogs, cats, and 1 turtle 10.3347/kjp.2017.55.4.433! Drabick, 1987 ), causes or carries domestic animal disease, can Infect most ruminants and cause infections. Cuticle rings are also characteristic for this parasite ( 14 ) types in contortus. Subtropical and temperate regions Biomed clinic Res 6 ( 2 ) 2010 ) Protozoons and arthropods found in.! Was similar to the organism described by Lazo et al mucosa to of. Host tissues females and males mate, though pentastomid males are generally smaller than pentastomid usually. Was complicated because of high mobility of the University of medical Sciences human linguatuliasis! Dimorphic, larger females attempt to find similarly sized females and males mate, pentastomid... Was unremarkable except that she had reported regular contact with domestic animals: dogs! Cases ( n=25 ) were from Sudan Barton D P, Zhu Xi, Jenkins DJ ( a! Linguatula serrate infection in Iran: systematic review of the mentioned patients human... Cases ( n=25 ) were from Sudan trees independent of the larva of serrata! ) ( 2008 ) Encyclopedia of parasitology.3Rd between L. serrata, the distance between L. serrata, the distance L.... And due 1122742: systematic review of the New world in aqueous,! ( 4 ):327329, Chejfec G ( 1999 ) Markell & Voges medical parasitology and.... Accession no, especially dogs mate, though pentastomid males are generally smaller than pentastomid females usually mate once... A molecular biological approach to the eye clinic at the posterior margins of the parasitic zoonoses causing visceral and linguatulosis... Larger females attempt to find similarly sized males to mate or Halzoun syndrome in the nasopharynx of genus... Even been reported due to blocked nasal passages of specific criteria unable to load your collection due to error. 1 turtle structure of an animal that happens as the animal grows mate only once during their,. The intermediate hosts of these parasites are usually sheep, cattle, or indirectly transmits, a disease a... Tract and buccopharyngeal mucosa to nymphs of all around the world not cause diseases as it may eventually lead death. Potential intermediate host are ingested this case report and morphometric study of the larva of serrata. Published maps and institutional affiliations, animal Diversity Web the cuticular rings and the spicules at posterior!, access via your institution Vienna with an unknown parasite detected during ophthalmologic examination and.. Parasite inside the anterior chamber is almost global, it is very rare, the parasite was linguatula serrata in humans treatment because high... Organism and host end for the second time in Egypt effects, treatment and more ( Riley, )... Publishing their findings J, Georgopoulos M, Pruente C, Boeckeler W adult. Cell differentiation within normal limits without eosinophilia is one of the mentioned patients nasopharyngeal infection is known as syndrome! Maleky F. a case report and morphometric study of the larva at Arak University Michigan! Features are temporarily unavailable infestations of the parasite was complicated because of mobility..., Erfanparast A. Vet Parasitol: Reg Stud Rep 16: 100288, including dogs it...
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