Previously sponsored memorials or famous memorials will not have this option. The trial transcripts show that on the evening of Saturday, Jan. 8, 1949, Ruby Stroud Floyd, the 32-year-old wife of a department-store manager, entered a black area of the city to collect. We will review the memorials and decide if they should be merged. You need a Find a Grave account to continue. Three days later, the remaining three were also electrocuted. Verify and try again. Floyd identified Grayson and Hampton as her rapists but struggled to identify the others because the attack happened at night. Before their executions, protesters picketed at the White House, and the governor's office received letters from around the world asking for mercy. Based on her account, in which she claimed to have been raped by 13 black men,[3] the police quickly arrested Frank Hairston Jr. and Booker Millner. Ruby Stroud Floyd Obituary: In the loving memory of Ruby Stroud Floyd, we are saddened to inform you that Ruby Stroud Floyd, a beloved and loyal friend, has passed away. [8] The day before the youngest of the seven was executed, he said, "God knows I didn't touch that woman and I'll see y'all on the other side. If people like George Floyd really did die "simply for being black," how can we doubt that black men in the . By the spring of 1949, all seven men were charged with rape. He sobbed loudly when Northam told the family members he would grant the pardons after meeting with them Tuesday. This page was last edited on 6 February 2023, at 23:13. Despite the letter-writing campaigns, editorials, and local vigils, newly-installed Virginia Governor John S. Battle refused clemency. "I think I touched a nerve. Within hours . Their petition does not argue that the men were innocent, but says their trials were unfair and the punishment was extreme and unjust. Oops, something didn't work. This account has been disabled. Suggest Edits . At a hospital where she was examined for internal injuries, she told police that a group of black men raped her. He kissed us and they took him away," he told The Associated Press in an interview after the announcement. The Civil Rights Congress and the Virginia Committee to Save the Martinsville Seven publish a flyer November 8, 1950 explaining why the Virginia case of seven black men sentenced to death was important for the fight against white supremacy. Every single one of the 45 men executed by Virginias electric chair for the crime of rape at that point in time were African American men charged with assaulting white women. Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot loses reelection bid, Fiery train crash in Greece kills at least 36, injures some 85, Garland to face Congress amid ongoing special counsel investigations, FBI chief says agency feels pandemic likely started with Chinese lab leak, House select committee hearing paints China as a strategic antagonist, JetBlue flight forced to abort landing in close call at Logan Airport, Three officers shot, standoff follows in Kansas City, Mo., police say, Vanessa Bryant, family settles claims over Kobe crash site photos for $28.5M, Bald eagle couple lays new egg after losing eaglets two years in a row, Supreme Court hears case on race and the death penalty. The Civil Rights Congress pickets the White House January 30, 1951 demanding President Harry Truman stop the execution of the Martinsville 7 seven African American men sentenced to death for the rape of a white woman in Virginia. She attended Palmer Grove Baptist Church where she was honored. U.S., Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007, North Carolina, U.S., Death Indexes, 1908-2004, U.S., Newspapers.com Obituary Index, 1800s-current, U.S., Social Security Death Index, 1935-2014, Thank you for fulfilling this photo request. One of the convicted men's parents contacted the CRC directly and asked one of its lawyers to defend their son DeSales Grayson. Their trials and the electrocutions became a cause clbre similar to the Scottsboro Case of the 1930s. By Tamantha / 08.31.2021 Photo: AFP via Getty Images The "Martinsville Seven," as the men became known, were all convicted of raping 32-year-old Ruby Stroud Floyd, a white woman who had gone to a predominantly black neighborhood in Martinsville . It was the largest group of people executed for a single-victim crime in Virginia's history. To use social login you have to agree with the storage and handling of your data by this website. Eric W. Rise, author of "The Martinsville Seven, Race, Rape and Capital Punishment" and a professor of criminal justice at the University of Delaware, said prospective black jurors were excused for expressing reservations about the death penalty or struck by prosecutors. '", She said her grandmother, Josephine Grayson, now living in Maryland, "will not speak on that at all under (any) circumstances.". [15] It is the largest execution for rape charges in the United States. Though our words can do little, we hope our thoughts and prayers will encourage you this period and always as you mourn, the passing soul. Rape is no longer a death-eligible crime in the U.S., but 60 years later, the executions of the Martinsville Seven still provoke strong feelings in Martinsville's African-American community and among death-penalty critics. Another, from China, called the sentence a "barbaric" example of American "fascist hooliganism". To use this feature, use a newer browser. Did You Know That Disney Released A Cartoon Featuring A Freed Slave As The Hero? Courtesy of the D.C. Public Library Washington Star Collection Washington Post. Resend Activation Email. In Richmond, more than 200 people, most wearing black armbands, marched to Capitol Square from a memorial meeting at Third Street Bethel AME Church. From left to right: Booker T. Millner, Frank Hairston, Howard Lee Hairston, Joe Henry Hampton, John Clabon Taylor, Francis DeSales Grayson, and James Luther Hairston. 7 Black men executed in 1951 for rape granted posthumous pardons The Martinsville Seven were convicted of raping 32-year-old Ruby Stroud Floyd, a white woman who visited a predominantly Black community in 1949 to collect money for outfits she sold. Their petition does not argue that the men were innocent, but says their trials were unfair and the punishment was extreme and unjust. Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of Ruby Floyd (78661616)? A life so beautifully lived deserves to be beautifully remembered. Whittle.[7]. We encourage you all to respect the dead and accord the family heartbroken with the loss of a cherished one, some privacy as you leave a message in the comment session. (Figures for 1949 are not available, but one-third of the 1,505 rape victims in the state in 2009 were black women. The pardons do not address the guilt or innocence of the men, but Northam said the pardons are an acknowledgement that they did not receive due process and received a "racially-biased death sentence not similarly applied to white defendants.". "These men were executed because they were Black, and that's not right," Northam said. Search above to list available cemeteries. But Northam said Tuesday that the death penalty for rape was applied almost exclusively to Black people. After a long legal battle led by the NAACP and a grassroots campaign led by the Civil Rights Congress, the seven were executed in 1951 on February 2nd and February 5th. For memorials with more than one photo, additional photos will appear here or on the photos tab. Your donation is fully tax-deductible. [2], The trials were held back to back, each with a separate jury of twelve white men. Racism was less explicit in the trial than in cases known as "legal lynchings" in the South, in which innocent men were convicted (e.g., the Scottsboro Boys, Willie McGee), and the Groveland Boys. Black men executed in 1951 for the rape of a white woman granted posthumous pardons | CBC News Loaded. "It is worthy of note that none of the defendants claimed that promises or threats were made by anyone before the confessions were signed," he wrote. Suggest Edits Toggle Dropdown. On the evening of January 8, 1949, a 32-year-old White woman, Ruby Stroud Floyd accused 13 Black men of raping her while she had gone to a predominantly Black neighborhood in Martinsville . [11], The case of the Martinsville Seven was taken up by outside groups, including the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the Civil Rights Congress (CRC). Please subscribe to keep reading. The CRC also had organized an international campaign, and Governor Battle was swamped by letters from overseas asking him to commute the sentences of the men. Tensions between the CRC and the NAACP characterized the relationship where the NAACP accused the CRC of using the case for its own ends. Why do libtards treat niggers better than they treat themselves? Please complete the captcha to let us know you are a real person. Required fields are marked *. Gravely also does not believe everything has come out about the case. African American History: Research Guides & Websites, Global African History: Research Guides & Websites, African American Scientists and Technicians of the Manhattan Project, Envoys, Diplomatic Ministers, & Ambassadors, Foundation, Organization, and Corporate Supporters. I will not have it otherwise.". Are you sure that you want to report this flower to administrators as offensive or abusive? Cries and sobs could be heard from some of the descendants after Northam's announcement. It is a filthy, sick crime," Hodge-Muse said. Rose Grayson, niece of Francis DeSales Grayson, top, comforts James Grayson, son of Francis DeSales Grayson, left, and Rudy MCollum, great nephew of Francis DeSales Grayson, one of the Martinsville Seven, after Virginia Governor Ralph Northam issued posthumous pardons for Grayson and the other six members during a ceremony inside the Patrick Henry Building in Richmond, Va., Aug. 31, 2021. Four of the seven testified at their own trials. By using this form you agree with the storage and handling of your data by this website. Our deepest condolences and heartfelt prayers are with the family and friends. ). It has been stated by several residents of Martinsville, Virginia that Grayson and Floyd were in a sexual relationship. Each were tried and sentenced to death within an eight-day period by all-white juries. The "Martinsville Seven," as the men became known, were all convicted of raping 32-year-old Ruby Stroud Floyd, a white woman who had gone to a predominantly black neighborhood in Martinsville . "I remember the very day the police came to the door. Ruby Stroud Floyd obituary is not public at the time, we will share more as we learn about the obituary and possibly the funeral. Cause of death Details of the circumstance surrounding our beloved, Ruby Stroud Floyddeath is not public yet, we will share more as we learn. He further stated, "We all deserve a criminal justice system that is fair, equal, and gets it rightno matter who you are or what you look like. Image courtesy of Papers of the Civil Rights Congress. Deputies in Davidson County rushed to help a 69-year-old man they'd found unresponsive in his house following a welfare check. To protect them from mob violence, they took them to other jails outside Henry County. Niggers are HARDWIRED TO SELF-DESTRUCT . On January 8, 1949, a white woman named Ruby Stroud Floyd was raped in a black part of Martinsville, Virginia. [9][10] An editorial in New York's Amsterdam News read, When we consider the fact that in the entire history of the Old Dominion state, no white man has ever received capital punishment for rape, then of necessity we must conclude that the death penalty for seven men for a singular crime was neither righteous, nor compassionate, nor wise. Quickly see who the memorial is for and when they lived and died and where they are buried. Four more suspects were arrested that night, based in part on the first two men's confessions. Despite the efforts put forth by the NAACP, four of the Martinsville Seven were electrocuted on February 2, 1951. "Most of the time, the families, the people who were of age in that era, they talked about it in private homes, in churches and other places and always felt as though it was really a serious injustice. The photographer is unknown. It was a dramatic shift for Virginia, a state that had the second-highest number of executions in the U.S. She also had abrasions on her elbows, forearms, knees, lower legs and thighs. Most of the men were between 18 and 20 years old and worked as laborers in small-scale furniture factories and warehouses. The Martinsville 7 were charged with the rape of a white woman, Ruby Stroud Floyd, in a black neighborhood of Martinsville, Virginia on January 8, 1949. Every single one of the 45 men executed by Virginias electric chair for rape at that point in time were African American men charged with assaulting white women. To view a photo in more detail or edit captions for photos you added, click the photo to open the photo viewer. In 1866, the state legislature changed the law so that execution remained an option for both races in rape cases. Remove advertising from a memorial by sponsoring it for just $5. Floyd identified two of her rapists as Grayson and Hampton, but she could not identify the others. Audience Relations, CBC P.O. During the eleven-day trials, juries heard testimonies from both sides, including medical evidence of Floyds physical injuries and accounts from black witnesses whom Floyd appealed to for help after the assault. One telegram from Moscow was signed by "workers in science, literature, the arts," including composers Dmitri Shostakovich and Sergei Prokofiev. Bruck said the Martinsville Seven case was the first in which statistics were used in a racial challenge to death sentences. Your account has been locked for 30 minutes due to too many failed sign in attempts. MARTINSVILLE -- On April 19, 1949, Judge Kennon Whittle addressed prosecutors and defense lawyers gathered in his second-floor chambers of the Henry County courthouse. All Rights Reserved. That appeal failed, too, however. Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. In this period of the second Red Scare, Senator Joseph McCarthy and the House Un-American Activities Committee had raised alarms about purported communist influence in government and society. The mass executions were the largest in Virginia in modern times. [8][16], On August 31, 2021, Governor Ralph Northam posthumously pardoned all seven men. Former NFL star Chad Johnson says he saved money by living inside Cincinnati Bengals stadium for 2 years. "The Martinsville Seven were not given adequate due process 'simply for being black,' they were sentenced to death for a crime that a white person would not have been executed for 'simply for being black,' and they were killed, by the Commonwealth, 'simply for being black,'" the advocates wrote in their letter to Northam. In denying appeals to commute the Martinsville 7 death sentences, Virginias Governor John S. Battle said, that the wave of messages that flooded his desks was cosponsored by the Civil Rights Congress and the Communist Party. Rudolph McCollum Jr., a former Richmond mayor who is the great-nephew of Francis DeSales Grayson and the nephew of another one of the executed men, Booker T. Millner, told Northam the executions represent "a wound that continues to mar Virginia's history and the efforts to move beyond its dubious past." Oops, some error occurred while uploading your photo(s). From 1908 when Virginia began using the electric chair to 1951, state records show that all 45 people executed for rape were Black, he said. Ruby Stroud Floyd accused thirteen black men of raping her while she passed through a poor black neighborhood in Martinsville, Virginia. Use Escape keyboard button or the Close button to close the carousel. Prospective jurors in each trial included some blacks, but all 72 jurors selected to try the cases were white. [14], After exhausting the appeals process, with the US Supreme Court twice declining to hear the case, the NAACP and CRC began to appeal to executive offices. After the convictions, the seven were represented by Richmond-area civil-rights lawyers Martin A. Martin, Samuel W. Tucker, Roland D. Ealey and Oliver W. Hill, and others. "[17], National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, False accusations of rape as justification for lynchings, "These 7 Black Men Were Executed For An Alleged Rape. Drag images here or select from your computer for Ruby Stroud Floyd memorial. Much of that attention was focused on Richmond, home of the governor, the legislature and the state's top civil-rights lawyers, as well as the location of what was then the Virginia State Penitentiary and its electric chair. It was the largest mass execution for rape that had been reported in the United States. The "Martinsville Seven" were convicted of raping 32-year-old Ruby Stroud Floyd, who had gone to a predominantly Black neighborhood in Martinsville, Virginia, on Jan. 8, 1949, to collect money for . This legal argument of a discriminatory death penalty was denied by the courts at that time, but by 1977 the U.S. Supreme Court began to consider the effects of race on the death penalty. Please enter your email address and we will send you an email with a reset password code. The sentences were carried out in February 1951, the largest group of executions for crimes against a single victim in state history and one of the largest in U.S. history. Mrs. Thurman B. Towill, of Governor Battle's office, looks at stacks of protest letters regarding the Martinsville Seven case. In their first appeal to the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals in 1950, the lawyers argued among other things that the death sentence for rape in Virginia was reserved for blacks. Together representatives, both black and white, of the CRC and NAACP, as well as other citizens, met with Battle in June 1950 to appeal for a pardon or clemency for the defendants in the case. "Booker T. gave the little colored boy a quarter and told him to go (away)," Hampton told police. Eric W, Rise, an associate professor at the University of Delaware who wrote a 1995 book on the case,The Martinsville Seven: Race, Rape, and Capital Punishment,said Floyd told police she was raped by a large group of Black men and testified at all six trials. On the stand, each of the defendants at least partially rejected his confession. Your email address will not be published. [2], Rise says that the white community disdained Ruby Floyd for her missionary work with the Jehovah's Witnesses and for her willingness to enter the black part of Martinsville. The remaining three were electrocuted on February 5. He was pronounced dead at 8:12 a.m. Three more executions quickly followed. You can directly shop your flowers on Amazon. Though they varied somewhat in detail, the accounts of what happened that night from the perpetrators, the victim, Martin and other witnesses in large part agreed. You can cancel at any time. The first man to die in Virginia's electric chair was Henry Smith, a black man who raped an elderly white woman. THIS is the harrowing moment vengeful villagers burned to death the alleged ringleader of a violent gang they say had been terrorising them for months. Sign up for our newsletter to keep reading. They were quickly tried in six separate trials (two agreed to be tried together), and each was convicted and sentenced to death. There were no black jurors because the prosecution vetoed all potential black jurors. For more information and other images, see www.flickr.com/photos/washington_area_spark/sets/72157643 Photo by Washington Daily News. Here's everything to know about the Martinsville Seven case: A grand jury (which included both black and white members) indicted all the men. New York, Today: On January 8, 1949, from the dingy negro slums of Martinville, Virginia, staggered attractive, dark-haired Mrs. Ruby Stroud Floyd (32), shouting that she . After Virginia became a state and until the end of the Civil War, state law allowed only blacks to receive a death sentence for rape. The seven executed were Francis Grayson, James L. Hairston, John Claybon Taylor, Frank Hairston, Jr., Booker T. Millner, Howard Lee Hairston and Joe Henry Hampton. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. State And Regional Martinsville Film To Be Produced By Charlottesville Activist And Uvas Center For Politics. Virginia would later execute three more men for rape, the last in 1961. Joe Hampton, 19, and three others took turns raping Ruby Floyd, a 32-year-old white woman. A physician who treated Floyd after the attack testified that she suffered a swollen lip, scratches on the back of her neck, the back of her right chest and on her buttocks. [2] The NAACP did not want the CRC to participate in the litigation directly. This flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review. Three days later, the remaining three were also electrocuted. In 1977 the Supreme Court referred to those arguments with respect to rulings in other cases. / CBS/AP. A better quality image can be found in the Fight for Racial Justice: the Civil Rights Congress (Gale) that can be accessed online through the D.C. Public Library databases, among other methods. The mass executions were the largest in Virginia in modern times. The image is a Newspaper Enterprise Association photograph printed in a newspaper that has not been identified. This account already exists, but the email address still needs to be confirmed. His signed confession, like those of the others, was read into the record and can be found in the old files. Two weeks after Whittle's warning, the Martinsville defendants were convicted and sentenced to join them. Are you sure that you want to remove this flower? The NAACP appeals also noted that since Virginia started use of the electric chair, only black men had been executed for rape in the state for what was a non-lethal crime. Some questioned the accuracy of parts of the confessions, and at least one said he did not have intercourse with Floyd and that he did not see Floyd resist anyone. Virginia had historically convicted and executed numerous black men accused of raping white women; for most of its history, only blacks were sentenced to death for rape. Martin A. Martin of the Richmond law firm Hill, Martin and Robinson, was the lead attorney for the appellate defense team for the NAACP in Virginia, as his firm had considerable experience with civil rights cases. The preliminary hearing occurred about a month later, and the grand jury two months after that. In December, advocates and descendants of the men asked Northam to issue posthumous pardons. In his study on the case, Rise concluded that, "At a time when African-Americans were beginning to assert their civil rights vigorously, the executions provided a stark reminder of the harsh treatment reserved for blacks who violated Southern racial codes.". Close this window, and upload the photo(s) again. Please ensure you have given Find a Grave permission to access your location in your browser settings. [7] From 1908 to 1951, only Texas, North Carolina and Georgia executed more black men for rape than did Virginia. [2][13] The CRC began to organize mass actions in Richmond. The juries were all white and all male. All six juries convicted the young men of rape and recommended the death penalty. By the spring of 1949, all seven men were charged with rape. Switch to the dark mode that's kinder on your eyes at night time. The seven men, ranging in age from 18-37 years old, were arrested in 1949 for the reported rape of 32-year-old Ruby Stroud Floyd, a white woman who lived in Martinsville. The case attracted national newspaper coverage. Meanwhile, other demonstrators picketed the White House in support of the sevcen. He kissed us and they took him away," he told The Associated Press in an interview after the announcement. The judge ruled that there was no evidence that discrimination was involved in imposing the Martinsville death sentences. The Court of Appeals upheld the rulings on March 13, 1950, with Chief Justice Edward W. Hudgins writing: "one can hardly conceive of a more atrocious, a more beastly crime". She said that she had been raped at least 13 times. "But we don't really know what happened.". Thank you, Lord," he said, as he wept while being embraced by two other descendants of the men. This relationship is not possible based on lifespan dates. I suppose that's how the electric nigglet was found innocent too. A unique soul with a great personality has an amazing sense of humour, diligent and caring. Now they've been pardoned | CNN, Shocking moment thief is burned to death by villagers who say he led a violent gang. Hundreds stayed in Richmond for a prayer vigil until the executions took place. You may not upload any more photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 20 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 5 photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 30 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 15 photos to this memorial. "[2] Their concern was ensuring a fair trial.[2]. (renews at {{format_dollars}}{{start_price}}{{format_cents}}/month + tax). You have chosen this person to be their own family member. The seven executed were all workers. Efforts by the defense team to change the trial's venue from the Martinsville Circuit Courton the grounds that sensationalist press about the events made a fair trial impossiblewere unsuccessful. Other demonstrations were held in Washington, D.C., New York and elsewhere in an attempt to convince President Harry S. Truman to interveneagain to no avail. Listen to these niggers holding up seven rapists as though they were victims of some kind ! The Martinsville Seven were a group of seven African-American men from Martinsville, Virginia, who were convicted and executed in 1951 for raping a white woman in 1949. Try again later. There was a problem getting your location. He sobbed loudly when Northam told the family members he would grant the pardons after meeting with them Tuesday. "I was maybe 10 years old, and it was very, very, very hush-hush," he said. In addition, each of the jury pools for the six separate trials contained some African Americans. John S. Battle. Raleigh, Wake County, North Carolina, USA. In 1908, Virginia became the fifth state in the U.S. to use the electric chair, and executions were carried out by the Virginia Department of Corrections at the State Penitentiary in Richmond. In advance of a large planned CRC demonstration in the state capital, Governor Battle doubled the capital guard and alerted the state militia. He wept when Northam announced he would pardon the men. It must be tried as though both parties were members of the same race. This browser does not support getting your location. Archives Unbound. On January 31, a mass demonstration of over 400 took place in Richmond to demand a halt to the planned executions despite the virulent racist opposition of many white supremacists. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. How To Unsubscribe From Emails and Push Notifications. Add to your scrapbook. The February 10, 1951 national edition of the Afro American headlines the mass execution of the Martinsville 7 in Virginia. The mass executions were the largest in Virginia in modern times. The Martinsville Seven were a group of seven African American men from Martinsville, Virginia, who were convicted and executed for raping a white woman in 1949. SHELBY- Annie "Ruby" Raines Stroud, 89, of 329 Reece Road, Shelby, departed this life on April 11, 2015, at Hospice of Wendover. That there was no evidence that discrimination was involved in imposing the Martinsville seven electrocuted. Seven were electrocuted on February 2, 1951 national edition of the jury pools the., Wake County, North Carolina, USA everything has come out about case... Would grant the pardons after meeting with them Tuesday 8:12 a.m. three more executions quickly followed testified at own! A duplicate of Ruby Floyd, a 32-year-old white woman granted posthumous |! Has come out about the case for its own ends told the Associated Press an. 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