New York Times, p. A12. Poverty, discrimination, and addiction are examples of such problems. In making this very important decision, Europe has chosen butter over guns. The $300 million cost of each F-35 fighter aircraft could pay for the salaries of 10,000 new teachers. War also has impact beyond the consequences for civilians and veterans. Retrieved February 20, 2012, from http://www.vvaw.org/veteran/article/?id=823. 9.5 million children receiving low-income health care (Medicaid), 1.7 million students receiving full-tuition scholarships at state universities, 1.6 million Head Start slots for children. New York, NY: Vintage Books. Identify two social science issues related to education. Begley, S. (2009, June 29). Do you think the US military budget should be increased, be reduced, or stay about the same? Bacevich, A. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. The study involved child soldiers who participated in Sierra . Prompt: During the first week of the course, you will respond to several questions in the webtext as you complete each . The cause for despair is twofold. Health care expenses for survivors amount to almost $1 billion annually, and the cost of prosecution amounts to $19 million annually (Stalsburg, 2011). Retrieved from http://www.defense.gov/news/casualty.pdf (accessed February 16, 2012); Martinez, L. (2011, November 11). Another dimension of militarism involves arms exports by both the US government and US military contractors. Table 16.2 US Participation in Major Wars listed the hundreds of thousands of troop deaths in American wars. 1. social science, any branch of academic study or science that deals with human behaviour in its social and cultural aspects. International relations debates have become increasingly dominated by structural theories since Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye, Jr. published their institutional argument in Power and Interdependence (1977). Most Americans continued to live their normal lives, whereas most Iraqis had to struggle to survive the many ravages of war. Are we giant suckers? One major problem in this research literature is that different studies use different definitions and measures of sexual assault. Very few studies include men in their surveys, but one study reported a 3 percent rate of sexual assault victimization for men while they were in the military. Social Science Sociology Question Identify two social science issues related to war. Social research can help solve them. More than 100 million soldiers and civilians are estimated to have died during the international and civil wars of the twentieth century (Leitenberg, 2006). Although World War II killed an estimated 55 million people, a smaller percentage of the worlds population died in armed conflict during the twentieth century than in earlier eras. Although the truce later dissolved and labor-management conflict resumed, labor eventually won some limited rights thanks partly to its support for the war. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. These more basic causes of war include population change and environmental change. These actions did destroy the countryside, but they also destroyed humans. The defense industry remains a powerful force in the US economy six decades after Eisenhower issued his warning, and US military spending continues unabated. The hope arises from historical evidence that the number of international wars, civil wars, and other types of armed conflict has in fact declined over the centuries, with the number in the past half-century much smaller than in centuries past (Pinker, 2012). When sexual assaults and sexual harassment are added to the crimes mentioned to respondents, between 22 percent and 84 percent of women report being raped, sexually assaulted, and/or sexually harassed while serving. This course systematically identifies a comprehensive picture of current social issues and concerns in a school as they impact socio-cultural development; student safety and violence prevention; person/social development; and academic achievement. Want to create or adapt books like this? They also say that the stationing of some 300,000 American troops on 865 military bases abroad at the time of this writing, including 81,000 troops in Europe and 220,000 in other nations, is hardly needed to ensure the nations defense. Most arms exports from the United States and other exporters go to developing nations. Tirman (2012, p. 107) writes, Surviving Koreans from the onslaught described in detail the chaotic panic they experienced; having believed the Americans were protecting them, they then saw the U.S. troops fire indiscriminately at men, women, and children at the scene. At the end of the three days, about four hundred civilians lay dead. A., & Wilson, S. M. (2010). In M. D. Cavelty & V. Mauer (Eds. Vaccine At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus was introduced to the world. Betrayal in the Ranks. Outline both sides to the debate over the size of the US military budget. Regarding this fear, former US senator and presidential candidate George McGovern (2011, p. 47), a decorated World War II hero, writes, We need to end the false choice between a bloated budget and a weak spine.. Because napalm is very sticky, it is almost impossible to wipe off or remove with water once it does end up on skin. Answer preview to identify two social science issues related to war. US Census Bureau. The document you are viewing contains questions related to this textbook. Experts disagree over this issue. Vietnam Veterans Against the War. McKeeby, D. (2008, February 25). Bumiller, E. (2010, July 25). Halperin, S. (2004). Washington, DC: Center for International Policy. Amherst, MA: Political Economy Research Institutes. SOC SCI 132. The article presents major trends and turning points in the growth of five social science disciplines in the country: anthropology, economics, political science, psychology and sociology. Where your income tax money really goes. For exam View the full answer Previous question Next question Dao, J. Several years later, she was still having many health problems and could not forget what happened to her. In fact, rape and sexual assault are the leading cause of PTSD among women veterans, while combat trauma is the leading cause of PTSD among male veterans. InsideDefense.com NewsStand. Why. A social issue is a problem that reduces the quality of life of people. Each F-35 costs about $300 million. Identify two social science issues related to war. One Iraq veteran with these problems is Tom Marcum, who came home with a brain injury, PTSD, and fits of violence and short-term memory loss. The issues and problems discussed so far in this chapter concern the nation's elementary and secondary schools in view of their critical importance for tens of millions of children and for the nation's social and economic well-being. Historically and also today, nations in the Middle East and elsewhere have gone to war or are otherwise in conflict because of religious differences. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. . Week 1 Question 7 Identify two social science issues related toeducation. As discussed earlier, President Eisenhower eloquently warned about the influence of the US military and the size of the military budget. Americans are hurt, he warned, when the defense budget squanders money that could be used to repair schools or to guarantee universal health care (Arias, 1999, p. A19). McGovern, G. (2011). This change is widely credited with helping spur the hopes of southern African Americans that racial desegregation would someday occur in their hometowns (McKeeby, 2008). A quick calculation shows that about 11 percent of the worlds population died from the Mongolian wars, while 2 percent died from World War II. Chapter 1 / Exercise 3 As Chapter 15 Population and the Environment discussed, population growth may lead to armed conflict of various types, including war, because growing populations need more food, water, and other resources. Critics of the military budget argue that it is more accurate to cite its share of discretionary spending rather than its share of all federal spending (i.e., mandatory plus discretionary). Theyre in good shape for the shape theyre in, Sources: Ledbetter, 2011; Vietnam Veterans Against the War, 1971. A poem about napalm, reportedly written by members of the US First Air Cavalry, surfaced during the war. Cross) Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham) War made easy: How presidents and pundits keep spinning us to death. Women veterans say that when they do report rape and sexual assault, military officials typically either blame them for what happened, ignore the crime altogether, or give the offender a very mild punishment such as not being allowed to leave a military base for a short period. Job numbers are up, but veterans are left behind. Listen December 26, 2022 00:49:51 While the US blows money on the military, Europe spends dough on social programs. Use the reading about social institutions in India to identify two social science issues that could be researched (2011). Explain why war is best understood as a social phenomenon and why nations go to war. Status of world nuclear forces. 147 Social Studies Topics for Your Research Project. Wheeler, W. T. (2009). New York, NY: Penguin. First, war, terrorism, genocide, and other armed conflicts do continue. (2011). Of these reported cases, only one-fifth went to trial, and only half of these defendants were convicted. Inevitably, Vietnamese civilians were in the path of the fireballs generated by the US and South Vietnamese militaries. CNN.com. Bess, M. (2008). Scholars have attempted to explain why human beings wage war. The war within: Americas battle over Vietnam. Retrieved from http://www.thenation.com/blog/161378/around-globe-us-military-bases-generate-resentment-not-security. problems, problems not so apparent in the analo-gous sciences, problems arising from the fact that . Many antiwar protests in the United States focused on the civilian suffering from napalm. tific Monthly 50: 5-17, 1940. Hartung, W. D. (2012). As just one example of such waste, a 2011 federal audit found that cost overruns over the prior two years had added at least $70 billion to projected costs of various weapons systems (Drew, 2011). Between the end of the colonial period and 1993, the US military was involved in at least 234 declared wars, undeclared wars, or other situations abroad involving actual or potential armed conflict (Collier, 1993). Unwarranted Influence: Dwight D. Eisenhower and the military-industrial complex. Slashing Americas defense: A suicidal trajectory. Critics also argue that military spending actually produces fewer jobs than spending in other sectors (Ledbetter, 2011). This figure ranked the highest in the world and constituted almost 35 percent of all world arms exports. New York Times. The Washington Post, p. B01. New York Times, p. WK3. Using the example of Mozambique, Guatemala and others, this paper will discuss the way in which . Drew, C. (2011, March 30). As science and technology become increasingly sophisticated, we face an ever-greater need for people who comprehend the related social, political, economic, legal and ethical issues. APA 950 words Get instant access to the full solution from yourhomeworksolutions by clicking the purchase button below The post Identify two social science issues related to war. Although 55 million is more than 40 million, the worlds population in the thirteenth century was only one-seventh its population during the World War II period. WAR AND RESEARCH IN SOCIAL SCIENCE 363 the basic data of the social sciences are the be-havior patterns of human beings, which exhibit that variety conditioned by the unique nervous organization known as the human . War is sustained armed conflict that causes large-scale loss of life or extreme material destruction (Worrell, 2011, p. 1). Veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan War have a higher suicide rate than that of the general public. This percentage range is much higher than the 20 percent share of federal spending cited by the government solely for defense outlays. This work goes under a variety of names, including 'human dynamics' and 'computational social science'. Perhaps worse, the United States ranks last among the worlds twenty wealthiest democracies in life expectancy and infant mortality and also ranks worst in the risk of dying before age 60. The enormity of war has long stimulated scholarly interest in why humans wage war (Levy & Thompson, 2010). A key focus of their concern was the use of napalm. Retrieved February 16, 2012, from http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_weapons_and_global_security/nuclear_weapons/technical_issues/nuclear-weapons-overview.html. We both wound up suspended for that one (Ashton, 2011). Washington rules: Americas path to permanent war. Nations also go to war for ideological reasons: they have certain belief systems that lead them to hold prejudice and other hostile feelings toward nations with different belief systems. This episode of Social Science of War examines a range of issues related to Army talent managementfrom the ways in which service in the. The social science research informs everything from national security to technology development to healthcare and economic management. Determining the Prevalence of Rape and Sexual Assault in the Military. But he also notes that the Korean and Vietnam wars included many atrocities committed by American troops against civilians. Human and human social systems are matter. This same yearly amount could have paid for one years worth (California cost figures) of all of the following (National Priorities Project, 2012): All these figures demonstrate that war and preparation for war indeed have a heavy human cost, not only in the numbers of dead and wounded, but also in the diversion of funds from important social functions and needs. Retrieved from http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 15, 267277. 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