How did the Mexica Aztec justify imperial rule? Over time, the Portuguese became more exploitative to expand their powers. Unit 3 FRQ B - In the period from 1450 to 1750 the - Course Hero From the early sixteenth to the mid-nineteenth centuries, the Mughal Empire ruled South Asia. Then, underline the verb in parentheses that agrees in number with the word to which the relative pronoun refers. Ultimately, the exchange of new food staples increased the population of Africa, but in parts of West Africa, the population suffered as people were taken. The fall of the Songhai Empire marked the end of the Mali Empire, which had previously been the dominant power in West Africa. Muhammad left no successor/Sunni = rightly guided person (Ottomans, Mughals)/Shi'a = blood relative of Muhammad (Shia) / Still split today! The Manchu imposed their will on the Qing people, Muslim rulers over India, combined Hindu and Muslim, brought India to the peak of its political empire, had a single government with a common culture, = Turkish empire based in Anatolia. Monumental architecture (giant structures) meant to impress. Relative to the total population. Together, they defeated the Portuguese in 1647, but the Dutch retreat from central Africa a year leaving the region vulnerable. A body of religious teachings based on the ideas of the reformer John Calvin. The empire was also a center of learning and scholarship, with the establishment of several major libraries and the support of scholars and intellectuals. During the Tokugawa Shogunate, Japan underwent significant economic and cultural development. Explain how the land-based empires of the 1450-1750 time period developed (what allowed them to obtain and maintain power): Historical Developments Imperial expansion relied on the increased use of gunpowder, cannons, and . Describe European maritime empires: Dutch. By 1450, more people were migrating in search of religious tolerance and economic opportunities. Gunpowder would have violent consequences in the decades to come. These should not be confused with democracies or representative governments. The Safavid Empire was an eastern Islamic state that existed from the early 16th to the mid-18th centuries. However in 1675, Metacom mounted one last effort to drive the British off the Native land. The French Empire came to an end in the mid-19th century, following Napoleon's defeat at the Battle of Waterloo. \end{array} & 2997.11 & 3 & 999.04 & 15.54 & 1.2 \mathrm{E}-06 & 2.866 \\ Key Takeaways AP World History Period 2 (1450-1750) The Americas became part of the global trade network, spurred by the Columbian Exchange. Africa was targeted for labor in the Americas because Indigenous populations were decimated by disease and were able to escape with knowledge of the land and the ability to blend in with other Natives. Use the clues to complete the crossword puzzle. The Mexica were a Native American civilization that existed from the 14th to the 16th centuries in central Mexico. , r to the interactive in the lesson for information on each group.) AP World - Unit 3 Overview: Land-Based Empires | Fiveable This is whats known as the. This guide was updated to align with the new course! Negative - disease, environmental issues, more money being spent to fix the issues. This made the journey more expensive and more dangerous. Still used Mandate of Heaven, State and NeoConfucianism. . As a result, practices of polygamy were more common. The Safavid Empire declined in the late 18th century and was eventually dissolved in the early 19th century. England was a majority Protestant country, but had a Catholic minority. In present-day New Mexico, the entire Pueblo community rebelled against the Spanish for 10 days in 1680. Major center for Islamic learning and commerce. Rulers used a variety of methods to legitimize and consolidate their power. A tribute of young boys that the Ottomans levied on Christian communities. They had a strong military with production of gunpowder and firearms. However, the Qing Dynasty was also marked by political and social unrest, including several major rebellions and the Taiping Rebellion, which was one of the deadliest conflicts in world history. Spiritual equality and education so you can read the bible. The Dynasty produced thriving trade and sea trade. keep the balance of free and slave states The last stand against colonization was led by Metacom, also known as his colonial name King Phillip. 2. 4. The name of the paintin the reaction of the Roman Catholic Church to the Reformation reaffirming the veneration of saints and the authority of the Pope (to which Protestants objected). Developed in South Asia due to interactions between Hinduism and Islam. Lutherans and Calvinists did not attend. When a large number of these investments failed to return profits, many investors went bankrupt which had rippling effects on the economy. This allowed empires to expand and use the military to take over other empires and conquer land. The economy became more centralized and industrialized, and the arts, including literature, theater, and the tea ceremony, flourished. A nation's wealth was seen as how much trade they endured and an increase in exports. How did the Asante benefit from participation in trading networks in this time period? Europeans built empires that stretched across oceans included territories in the Americas, Africa, and Asia. The empire was also a center of learning and scholarship, with the establishment of several major libraries and the support of scholars and intellectuals. 95 Thesis, posted in 1517, led to religious reform in Germany, denied papal power and absolutist rule. The mit'a system was to build buildings and create roads through an empire. It came to an end in the mid-19th century, as the British East India Company gained more and more control over India and eventually took control of the Mughal Empire. Use Fisher's LSD method to determine which means differ at the 5% level of significance. Describe technological diffusions that occurred in the 1450-1750 time period. What were the challenges to state power and expansion? What specific states supported maritime exploration in this time period? Land-Based Empires 1450-1750 Flashcards | Quizlet In the Americas, the Spanish established the e, Meanwhile, the silver trade was insanely profitable for the Spanish and the mines at. The Ming dynasty ended in 1644, when it was deposed by the Qing dynasty. The Aztec Empire was known for its sophisticated government system, which included an organized bureaucracy and a strong centralized administration. The term land-based empire--as it explicitly applies to AP World History--refers to empires which existed during the period 1450-1750. What continuities in economic and labor systems existed in the 1450 to 1750 time period? This helped to further consolidate the shogunate's power and maintain stability throughout the country. Spanish and Portuguese influence spread across politics, economics, and society in the Americas. In the 18th century, the Spanish Empire began to decline. At its greatest extent, the empire extended to three continents -- stretching from the Balkans in southeastern Europe across Anatolia, Central Asia, Arabia, and North Africa, thanks in large part to the Ottoman military and its use of gunpowder. The Safavid Empire was a Persian Empire that ruled over parts of present-day Iran, Iraq, and the Caucasus region from the early 16th to the mid-18th century. It was distinguished by a global trade network and a system of colonies and dependencies. West It was founded by Ismail I, who established the Safavid Dynasty and declared Twelver Shia Islam the official religion of the empire. East, The Missouri Compromise was needed to Universities, mosques, and hospitals were built. This allowed for indirect rule (instead of centralized direct authority), where the Aztec did not have to be present in conquered areas to maintain control. In North America, the Spanish had control of the southwest regions, central America, and Florida. How did land based empires in 1450-1700 use religious tolerance? The empire was also a center of learning and scholarship, with the establishment of several major universities and the support of scholars and intellectuals. It did, however, lead to further spread of Christianity. (verb), i.o.i.o.i.o. Describe European trading posts in Africa. Restrictions on women were softened and everyone had religious tolerance. Stop!!! Explanation:Click to let others know, how helpful is it. Elite Safavid soldiers made up of enslaved people from Armenian and Circassian populations, much like Devshirme. This kept more money in the bank at any given time. They established the Aztec Empire, a vast empire that ruled over much of central and southern Mexico. (predicate nominative), app.app.app. However, there was a business opportunity in the search for resources. Under the Mughal Empire, the arts, including literature, architecture, and painting, flourished. Develop an argument that evaluates the extent to which interactions between societies and cultures affected the institutions of land-based empires in this period. William of Orange was backed by Protestants to overthrow him. Triangular ships adopted by the Arabs, astrolabe which was created from the Muslims, the caravel created by the Portuguese, and the magnifying glass from the Chinese are all technological diffusions are all important developments and innovations. Texans, Choose three of the groups listed below and describe how their experience was similar to or different from the experience described in the song. The Portuguese were a growing empire as they conquered trading routes and expanded their access to trade. How did the Civil Service Exam system centralize Qing Dynasties? The Aztecs demanded specific goods from conquered people, called Tribute. The French Empire is particularly known for its contributions to the fields of law, administration, and education, as many of the institutions and systems that were developed during this time continue to influence these fields today. How did the Mughal Empire expand their empire? Ottoman sultan called the "Conqueror"; responsible for conquest of Constantinople in 1453; destroyed what remained of Byzantine Empire. They blended Christian and Islamic faiths into their empire. If there is a specific religion that needs to be followed, they can enforce it and create consequences. Unit 3 AP World History Study Guide Flashcards | Quizlet The empire was also a center of learning and scholarship, with the establishment of several major universities and the support of scholars and intellectuals. Empires took people for slaves and traded their goods for wealth. \text { Between } \\ Explorers also tried to proselytize others. During this time, Muslim merchants established themselves further in North Africa and the Indian Ocean, which is why Islam is a dominant religion in those regions. Also there was heavy taxation as well as lots of trade on land and sea. 1453: Ottoman Conquest of Constantinople, Rise of the Ottoman Empire, 1471: Completion of the Sun Temple in Cuzco, rise of the Inca Empire, 1526: Guru Nanak founded the first Sikh Community, 1682: Palace of Versaille completed in France, 1707: Death of Emperor Aurangzeb, weakening of the Mughal Empire, New military weapons make wars more decisive, Increase in the size and number of Empires, Administrative systems more resources to expand, Collapse of Nomadic Empires room for landed empires to expand, Continued spread of major religions associated with empires. Why did this split intensify during the 1450-1750 time period? How did leaders legitimize their rule through architecture 1450-1700? They ruled with aristocrats who were elected based on merit and their power was controlled. The Russian nobility, known as. How did land based empires consolidate power in this era? How did land based empires in 1450-1700 use religious tolerance? These regions did not have a history of state sponsorship of naval activity; for example, merchants may have done most of the overseas trading. All of the ethnic combinations created new social classes organized by race with Europeans the top. The Dutch were high rollers in this time and played a main role in finance. As the slave trade expanded, some African Kings participated and shared profits. Cash crops were profitable, but required a lot of labor. The Ottomans were religiously tolerant of Jews and Christians, which allowed these groups to thrive and contribute economically. It was a time of relative peace and stability, marked by the centralization of power under the Tokugawa Shogunate, a hereditary military dictatorship that ruled Japan during this time. Land-based empires generated revenue to expand and maintain power by creating new tax collection systems and used tribute collection. Native American tribes in New England were some of the first indigenous communities to be displaced by British colonists. This allowed empires to expand and use the military to take over other empires and conquer land. In each of the given sentences, underline the relative pronoun and circle the word to which it refers. What direction were the people and women moving? They were open to Mongol, Tibet and Muslim Religions and did not force their Chinese culture. It reduced threats as other empires saw the money they had. Tokugawa, 1868. The work of harvesting cash crops and mining silver was labor intensive. Rulers continue to use religious ideas to justify their rule, Rulers waged conflicts against other rulers of different religions. (subject), v.v.v. , ldings called catacombs Although some existed before and after, most are confined to this time period. The state with the most access to trade could be the most powerful. The Soviet Union, which was established on the territory of the former Russian Empire, became a major world power and played a significant role in global politics for much of the 20th century. The Columbian Exchange was started by Christopher Columbus and it traded luxury goods around the globe. It was a Spanish labor system that rewarded conquerors with labor of particular groups. New crops and livestock changed eating habits and largely increased the global population. Repeat part (a) with a sample size of 10. After her death, the Portuguese gained control of the region until well 1975. What court rituals did the Songhai Empire (c. 1464 - 1591), in West Africa centralize their bureaucracies? The decimation of lands and peoples made it difficult to preserve this history. Describe the impact of the Columbian Exchange on the Western Hemisphere (New World). Describe the casta system that was a result of the Atlantic trading system. In 1655, the British took control of the land forcing the Spanish out. Land Based Empires 1450-c. 1750 Flashcards | Quizlet Land Based Empires 1450-c. 1750 Term 1 / 22 What were the characteristics of the Ottoman Empire? Bureaucrats called Zamindars were appointed by the emperor to collect taxes based on an individual's land or production. A major difference between these two types of empires is that the empires on the left were predominantly land based, meaning most of their power and wealth came from the land. New syncretic religions emerged that blended native and colonial traditions. Maritime trade would prove to be far more economically efficient. Describe the Qing Dynasty (use SPICE-T characteristics): The Quing Dynasty was located in Central Eurasia and used bureaucratic techniques to rule. \hline \begin{array}{l} Finally, a new elite class emerged called the. Women in the Ottoman Empire also experienced some expanded freedoms. Mughals, 1857. in underground passages and rooms called catacombs In the Atlantic, the consistent trade from Europe to Africa to the Americas and back to Europe was known as. In the period from 1450 to 1750, the development of religions and the interactions of belief systems often had political, social, and cultural implications. During the Russian Empire, the arts, including literature, music, and architecture, flourished. In 1494, they signed the, The Spanish conquistadors brought down the thriving Aztec and Inca empires within a few decades. ), Royal officials in France sent to execute orders of the central government, A palace built by Louis XIV outside of Paris; showed power and wealth of French government. \hline & & & & & & \\ During the French Empire, the arts, including literature, music, and architecture, flourished. For example, they forced all men to wear their hair in. The Tokugawa Shogunate, also known as the Edo period, was a period in Japanese history that lasted from 1603 to 1868. The Spanish, Portuguese, French, English, and Dutch had to find another route in order to remain competitive, so they invested in exploration. What were the characteristics of the Songhay Empire? The Protestant Reformation increased literacy through Europe, created civil rights, gave states more power, and led to modern democracy.
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