This study aims to identify the factors affecting the political participation of Jordanian university students, especially their voting in national and local elections. In the same context, Pyeatt and Yanus (2018) asserted that the difference in regional affiliation affected the political orientations of individuals. 9 Factors affecting Political Participation - Lesson Notes The 2008 presidential election sparked high levels of public interest and engagement. (2018), Youth political engagement in Australia and the United States: student councils and volunteer organizations as communities of practice, Journal of Social Science Education, Vol. It provides citizens a sense of dignity and value, alerts both the rulers and the ruled to their duties and responsibilities and facilitates broader political understanding. Political environment 4. Today, students demonstrate to draw attention to causes. In addition to the requirement that voters must be eighteen years of age, states can enforce residency requirements that mandate the number of years a person must live in a place before being eligible to vote. In the same context, the regional affiliation affected voting. Factors Affecting The second is related the voting in elections, Reason for voting and reason for not voting as the study relied on the literature review to prepare the questionnaire. (2017), The impact of social websites over Jordanian students intentions of active political participation: an application of theory of planned behavior, International Review of Management and Marketing, Vol. This role is partly expressive and partly instrumental. Racial tensions sparked by a video of police beating Rodney King in 1991 and the subsequent acquittal of the officers at trial resulted in the worst riots ever experienced in Los Angeles. In addition, they did not get high quality public services. Midwestnerd Jingle Bell 5K run CC BY 2.0. In contrast, poor or lowincome families are reluctant to vote as they suffer from accessing basic services, proper education and health care. It is interesting to note that Milbrath classifies those factors which have been used up to the present in the attempt to explain political participation, into three groups: personal factors, political setting, and social position. Factors Affecting Political Participation Among Pentecostal WebThe aim of the study was to establish factors affecting youth participation in political governance in Ndirande Township in Blantyre, Malawi. As one of the basic principles of participatory democracy, each citizen gets one vote and each vote c Only a small number of people, generally under one-quarter of those eligible, participate in local, county, and state elections. Turnout in states that have Election Day registration averages ten points higher than in the rest of the country (Wolfinger & Rosenstone, 1980). (2011), Studying gender in US politics: where do we go from here?, Politics and Gender, Vol. The results showed the following: First: The more the gender varies, the more the voting in the elections differs in favor of male students as there was a gender gap between the voting of male and female students in the national and local elections. (2013), What does political mean to you?, Political Behavior, Vol. Dolan, K. (2011), Do women and men know different things? Congressional Management Foundation, Communicating with Congress: How the Internet Has Changed Citizen Engagement (Washington, DC: Congressional Management Foundation, 2008). Political participation of females in most societies is less than that of males, not only in developing countries but also in developed countries. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. Factors affecting Political Participation Homana, G.A. 1051-1072. In addition, the questionnaire included two section, the first is related to the four factors: Gender (malefemale), Age (8-22years old - 23-30years old), Family Income (less than 500 dinar- 500 less than 700 dinar more than 700 dinar), and regional affiliation (Jordanian Origin - Palestinian Origin). The scope and the outcome of voting is very broad affecting all the members of a society. Methodology Brooker (2013) concluded that in Australia, the ratio of youth participation in voting was low. Why are certain demographic groups more likely to align with the Democratic or Republican Party? Another study asserted that there is a reluctance from young people to participate in voting, joining political parties and contributing to political campaigns (Homana, 2018, p. 40). Moreover, after the Arab revolutions in late 2010 and early 2011, and Jordanian peaceful demonstrations and protests, the political leadership allowed more constitutional and legal amendments, which strengthened the political participation of all segments of people including Jordanian young people, particularly women (Mohammad, 2017, p. 2). (1997), Womens engagement in politics in the year of the woman, American Politics Quarterly, Vol. Want to create or adapt books like this? WebVCU Scholars Compass | Virginia Commonwealth University Research Voter registration also has been assisted by online registration. and Fox, R.L. In addition, the main reason for not voting by females students was inefficiency of candidates for such councils with (42.2 per cent) was the Ineffectiveness of the performance of elected local councils against (11.9 per cent) for male students. 185-199. A unique and special political act, voting allows for the views of more people to be represented than any other activity. Atkeson (2003) indicated that the greater the involvement of women in the public sector, the more barriers of their political participation are broken. Thus, regional affiliation affected the political participation of university students. Midterm elections, in which members of Congress run for office in nonpresidential-election years, normally draw about one-third of eligible voters (Rosenstone & Hansen, 1993). 48-60. The United States is one of the few democracies that requires citizens to register themselves rather than having the government take responsibility for automatically registering them. This declining continued until the national elections in 2012, where the ratio of youth participation (ages 19-24years old) in voting was (41 per cent), and they were reluctant to engage in election campaigns and contacting elected officials. They can use social networking sites, like Facebook, to recruit supporters, enlist volunteers for campaign events, or encourage friends to donate money to a candidate. Every day, millions of people voice their opinions to members of Congress. It can be concluded that: The more the age varies, the more voting in the elections differs in favor of older students. Milbrath, L. W. and M. L. Goel, Political Participation, 2nd ed. Political Participation: 9 Factors influencing Political Maybe you coach a little league team, visit seniors at a nursing home, or work at a homeless shelter. Therefore, the present study focuses on the voting of students of Jordanian universities. Which of the following best explains how the organization can operate to influence. These events are designed to raise money and awareness of societal problems, such as poverty and health care. Some of the factors considered in the examination of data from the 2010 AmericasBarometer survey by LAPOP include wealth, age, sex and educational level. 53 No. Results show that only the intrinsic motivation has a significant impact to the political participation of the SK officials. 59 No. WebSocioeconomic characteristics of a population, including age, race, gender, religion, marital status, occupation, education level, and more. University. Taking part in the political processes which lead to the selection of political leaders or determine or influence public policy is generally known as political participation. The Watts riots in 1965 were the first of a number of civil disturbances in American cities. In addition to traditional forms of campaign activity, like attending campaign rallies and displaying yard signs, the Internet provided a gateway to involvement for 55 percent of Americans (Owen, 2009). Pyeatt and Yanus (2018), Dolan (2011), Fox (2011) discussed how to overcome the gender gap in voting. However, there have not been great fluctuations in turnout since the institution of universal suffrage in 1920. (Nahar, 2012, p. 122). WebThere are many social factors that affect the political attitude and behavior of the individual in this frame. By 2008, 44 percent of the public had contacted their member of Congress about an issue or concern (Congressional Management Foundation, 2008). Political Participation TOS 7. Center for Information & Research on Civic Learning and Engagement (CIRCLE), Young Voters in the 2010 Elections, http://www.civicyouth.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/2010-Exit-Poll-FS-Nov-17-Update.pdf. Direct mail and e-mail solicitations make fundraising easier, especially when donors can contribute through candidate and political-party websites. In addition, some women's organizations (Arab Women's Union) demanded more equality, freedom, and education for Jordanian women (Atiyat, 2017, p. 109). Psychological or cognitive traits 2. Potential candidates for public office must gather signatures on a petition before their names can appear on the ballot. These amendments aimed at increasing the ratio of women's representation and voting, by granting equal rights for women to vote and run in elections, such as a quota in Parliament. Homana (2018), Pyeatt and Yanus (2018), Solt (2008), Atkeson (2003), Lawless and Fox (2001), Koch (1997), Brady et al. Those who give money are more likely to gain access to candidates when they are in office. In the context of responding to the question Have you ever voted in previous national or local elections? It was noted that the number of students with family income (500 dinars) was of a total number of (484) including (233) participated in the voting with (48.1 per cent) in the same category. 1-16. Riots are frequently spontaneous and are sparked by an incident that brings to a head deep-seated frustrations and emotions. Voting is the most prominent form of political participation. Turnout varies significantly across localities. However, young people participation in voting remained low (Dababneh, 2012, p. 215). 1.1 Communication, Information, and the Media, 2.2 Creating and Ratifying the Constitution, 2.3 Constitutional Principles and Provisions, 2.4 The Constitution in the Information Age, 4.2 Religion, Speech, the Press, Assembly, and Petition, 4.3 Arms, Search and Seizure, Accusation, Punishment, Property, and Privacy, 4.4 Civil Liberties in the Information Age, 5.1 Civil War Amendments and African Americans, 5.2 Other Minorities, Women, Lesbians, Gay Men, and the Disabled, 6.3 Political Culture and Socialization in the Information Age, 7.4 Public Opinion in the Information Age, 8.5 Participation, Voting, and Social Movements in the Information Age, 9.3 Interest Groups and the Political System, 9.4 Interest Groups in the Information Age, 10.1 History of American Political Parties, 10.7 Political Parties in the Information Age, 11.7 Campaigns and Elections in the Information Age, 13.3 The Presidency in the Information Age, 14.2 Policymaking, Power, and Accountability in the Bureaucracy, 14.3 The Federal Bureaucracy in the Information Age, 16.4 Policymaking and Domestic Policies in the Information Age, 17.1 The Executive Branch Makes Foreign and Military Policies, 17.2 Influence from Congress and Outside Government, 17.3 The Major Foreign and National Security Policies, 17.5 Foreign and National Security Policies in the Information Age. 1, pp. The ratio of voting in the category (less than 500 dinar) was low, but, the ratio of voting for the other two categories was high. Turnout figures can be skewed by undercounting the vote. There has been a steady increase in turnout since the 2000 presidential election, in which 51 percent of the voting-age public cast a ballot. In the USA, the turnout has been declining since 1972, especially in presidential elections. 2. Social environment:. Factors affecting political participation (Jordanian universities They can post their views on blogs and energize their supporters using Facebook groups that provide information about how to get involved. The quantitative research was used in this study. Table II shows the results of the analysis of public universities students views on voting in national and local elections according to the age. Jacobson, G. C., The Politics of Congressional Elections (New York: HarperCollins, 1997). Verba, S., Kay Lehman Schlozman, and Henry E. Brady, Voice and Equality: Civic Voluntarism in American Politics (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995).
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