0000013419 00000 n If these vehicles can pass these We also seek comment on ways to propose performance requirements that provide manufacturers with the flexibility to design a warning system that is appropriate for each vehicle type. Webvehicle crash. 37. Transportation Research Board Study, supra, pp. Survey of Principal Drivers of Vehicles with a Rear Seat Belt Reminder System. 0000002926 00000 n 16, Revision 9 8.4.4.2. Harmonization with regulatory requirements or new car assessment programs in other markets. (2019, February). Paul Schroeder & Melanie Wilbur. Mark Freedman et al. 18. When the ignition or master control switch is deactivated for more than 30 minutes and activated again, a short-term deactivated safety-belt reminder must reactivate. abrupt turns When prescribing such standards, the Secretary must consider all relevant, available motor vehicle safety information. This information is not part of the official Federal Register document. 208 is intended to reduce the likelihood of occupant deaths and the likelihood and severity of occupant injuries in crashes. In some instances, a visual signal might be displayed as a telltale on the instrument panel or on the vehicle's information display screen. Section 30111 requires that a Motor Vehicle Safety Standard meet the need for safety, be stated in objective terms, and be practicable, among other requirements. In 1972, NHTSA adopted occupant protection options for passenger cars that included (for cars that did not provide automatic protection) an interlock system that would prevent the engine from starting if any of the front seat belts were not fastened. Some research may suggest that having the warning visible to the unbelted occupant may increase effectiveness. Get an answer. trucks and multipurpose passenger vehicles (MPVs) with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 4,536 kilograms (kg) (10,000 pounds (lb)) or less (except for some compliance options which do not require the warning);[21] NHTSA-2010-0061-0002. To ensure that your comments are correctly filed in the Docket, please include the Docket Number found in the heading of this document in your comments. Research has found that seat belts greatly reduce the risk of fatal and non-fatal injuries, compared to the risk faced by unrestrained occupants. Unable to pull the Mustang from underneath the semi, fire crews worked for nearly 30 minutes cutting away the top of the vehicle, as well as two of the doors, to free 101. If commenters believe that a proposed seat belt warning system would not meet the requirements and considerations of 49 U.S.C. Bedard, Guyatt, Stones, and Hirdes [ 5] reported that the risk of death in traffic accident is conditioned on drivers characteristics and vehicle model. 0000005753 00000 n documents in the last year, 1471 NHTSA also seeks comment on removing the driver's seat belt warning audible signal duration upper limit. Although NHTSA did not previously have the authority to require, or specify as a compliance option, a seat belt warning with an audible signal lasting more than 8 seconds, the agency facilitated the voluntary adoption of enhanced warnings through a series of legal interpretations that determined that the Safety Act did not prohibit manufacturers from using enhanced warning systems (e.g., systems with audible warnings that lasted more than 8 seconds) as long as the manufacturer differentiated the voluntarily-provided signal from the required signal (for example, by a clearly distinguishable lapse in time between the two signals). There are, of course, a variety of other ways the warning system might be intentionally or inadvertently circumvented. Volvo, Toyota, Mazda, Ford and Jaguar Land Rover offer vehicles for sale in the U.S. with rear seat belt warning systems. Paul Schroeder & Melanie Wilbur, Survey of Principal Drivers of Vehicles with a Rear Seat Belt Reminder System. It directs the Secretary to either issue a final rule, or, if the Secretary determines that such an amendment does not meet the requirements and considerations of 49 U.S.C. Transportation Research Board Study, p. 9. How can I be sure that my comments were received? Advance notice of proposed rulemaking (ANPRM). Your driving privilege will be canceled if you fail to comply with some portion of the Florida Statutes. FMVSS No. Next, for the type(s) of occupants upon which the criteria are based, what should the criteria be? DOT 2009 Belt Warning Study, p. 1. The RFC discussed the agency's research and findings regarding requiring rear seat belt warnings and solicited comments. Telltale Characteristics. Seat belt warning systems encourage seat belt use by reminding unbuckled occupants to fasten their belts and/or by informing the driver that an occupant is unbelted, so that the driver can request the unbelted occupant to fasten their seat belt. Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21), Public Law 112-141, 31503 (2012). European New Car Assessment Programme Assessment ProtocolSafety Assist, 3.3. This document also provides relevant background information, such as up-to-date information on rear seat belt warning systems that are currently available on some new motor vehicles. 2015. documents in the last year. Consumer acceptance of any eventual seat belt warning requirements is an important consideration, given the potential safety benefits of rear seat belt warnings, the history of seat belt warning technologies, and the fact that consumers have not yet had widespread exposure to rear seat belt warnings. 0000020009 00000 n As noted above, an enhanced warning that activates for an unoccupied seat could be a nuisance that either desensitizes the occupants to the warning signal or leads them to circumvent or defeat the warning. on Below we ask specific questions about potential specifications for visual and audible warnings, and, more generally, which of these NHTSA should propose for the rear seat belt warning system minimum requirements. Explain why the water at geysers and some springs is hot. On the basis of the general solubility rules given in Table 7.1, predict which of the following substances are likely to be appreciably soluble in water. How do I submit confidential business information? 30101 et seq. 25. 0000012899 00000 n DOT HS 812 069. Regulatory History of Automatic Crash Protection in FMVSS 208. 72. In accordance with MAP-21, in early 2013, NHTSA initiated a rulemaking proceeding when it submitted for public comment a Start Printed Page 51078proposal to undertake a study regarding the effectiveness of existing rear seat belt warning systems. Survey of Principal Drivers of Vehicles with a Rear Seat Belt Reminder System. Research by NHTSA and others suggests that audible warnings in conjunction with visible warnings are potentially more effective than visible warnings alone. 208. In addition, because of respondent bias, the large number of part time users, and the tendency for survey respondents to over-report belt use, MVOSS use rates have typically been about 10 percentage points higher than those from NOPUS. See 76 FR 53102 (Aug. 25, 2011) (denial of a petition for rulemaking to mandate the installation of three-point seat belts for all seating positions on all school buses). NHTSA seeks comment on whether, and to what degree, a rear seat belt warning would be effective. With respect to audible warnings, we seek comment on the following: 17. Many vehicle manufacturers subsequently implemented enhanced seat belt warnings for the driver and front outboard passenger seating positions. NHTSA also seeks comment on whether there would be any other non-regulatory approaches that would be appropriate. Risk of injury for occupants of motor vehicle collisions from SAE Technical Paper 950865, International Congress and Exposition, Society of Automotive Engineers, Detroit, Michigan, Feb. 27-March 2 (1995). 2. Similarly, should there be criteria for the duration of the warning? 0000010516 00000 n were Mature Driver NEW REQUIREMENTS AND SOLUTIONS F. Porsche It directs the Secretary to either issue a final rule, or, if the Secretary determines that such an amendment does not meet the requirements and considerations of 49 U.S.C. A seat belt warning system utilizing occupant detection technology could provide false reminders if the occupant detection were inaccurate. 0000008408 00000 n 15. How much more effective would the more informative negative-only and full-status systems be? This table of contents is a navigational tool, processed from the 11. As part of the research for the report, NHTSA conducted a limited number of focus group interviews with part-time and hard-core non-users. You may submit comments to the docket number identified in the heading of this document by any of the following methods: Instructions: All submissions must include the agency name and docket number. NHTSA seeks comment on the vehicles to which any proposed rear seat belt warning requirements should apply. Telephone: (202) 366-9826. Similarly, an audible or visual warning of a change in the status of rear seat belts could be either electronic or mechanical and could include a haptic signal. For front seat belts, the assessment protocol requires both a visual and an audible warning signal. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Occupant Crash Protection when you grip the steering wheel you should place your hands on the steering wheel at the 3 and 9 or 4 and 8 o'clock positions to allow room for air bags to deploy. 39. [8] How many moles of magnesium were used in this reaction? A change in seat belt status in front and rear seats also initiates the second level warning. offers a preview of documents scheduled to appear in the next day's a) convicted of DUI In order for a rear seat belt warning to have an impact on seat belt use, it must balance effectiveness with acceptability. Passenger vehicles with one person and an Express Pass in Toll mode or a approaching or upon the crest of a grade DOT HS 812 142. 90. 04/28/2023, 858 If NHTSA were to propose requirements for a warning that is similar to existing seat belt warnings, should the warning be visual-only (e.g., a telltale displaying text or icons), audio-only, or audio-Start Printed Page 51083visual? NHTSA seeks comment on what types of rear seat belt warnings consumers would accept. The warning requirements for automatic belts in S4.5.3 mirror, with some differences, the first compliance option. 58. Unbelted rear seat passengers pose a serious threat to the driver and other vehicle occupants, as well as themselves. The European Union is set to adopt an updated version of Regulation No. Issued in Washington, DC, under authority delegated in 49 CFR 1.95 and 501.5. MassDOT IMPACT Phase II - Identification of Risk Foldable or stowable seats in the second row are not as prominent in minivans. 19. 6. 68. [82] Akamatsu, M., Hashimoto, H., and Shimaoka, S., Assessment Method of Effectiveness of Passenger Seat Belt Reminder, SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0050, 2012, doi:10.4271/2012-01-0050. 13771 (82 FR 9339 (Feb. 3, 2017)) because it is an advance notice of proposed rulemaking.Start Printed Page 51090. 38. A.) 208, see Stephen R. Kratzke. 2015. shot of 80 proof whiskey, a 5 oz. With respect to school buses, we acknowledge that a rear seat belt warning requirement might place additional cost burdens on school systems, given that such cost can lead to reductions in school bus service, resulting in greater risk to students. on [28] 0000031013 00000 n 75-76. On November 21, 2007, Public Citizen and Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety (petitioners) petitioned NHTSA to amend FMVSS No. Particularly with respect to a visual warning for the driver, what type of information should a visual warning convey? Active protection refers to features, such as manual seat belts, that require action by the occupant, while passive protection, sometimes called automatic protection, refers to safety features that do not require any action by the occupant other than sitting in a designated seating position. We seek comment on whether NHTSA should propose requirements to address circumvention. If you maintain your motor vehicle it will: Unbelted vehicle occupants reach 0 mph by striking the windshield, steering column and dashboard. 04/28/2023, 244 Are there new and innovative wireless technologies that could reduce or eliminate wiring complexities, such as those used in tire pressure monitoring systems? What type of information should the warning convey? European New Car Assessment Programme Assessment ProtocolSafety Assist, Version 8.0.2, November 2017. 0000028314 00000 n Unbelted vehicle occupants reach 0 mph by striking the windshield, steering column and dashboard. Modern vehicles are designed to crush when they crash to absorb kinetic energy. Even with modern cars that are designed to absorb the energy of impact, a head-on collision may have more energy than the car design can dissipate. As a result of the strong negative consumer reaction, Congress adopted a provision, as part of the Motor Vehicle and School Bus Safety Amendments of 1974, prohibiting the agency from prescribing a motor vehicle safety Start Printed Page 51081standard that required, or permitted as a compliance option, seat belt interlocks or audible seat belt warnings lasting longer than eight seconds. the official SGML-based PDF version on govinfo.gov, those relying on it for and buses with a GVWR of 3,855 kg (8,500 lb) or less and an unloaded weight less than or equal to 2,495 kg (5,500 lb). This seat belt warning option required audible and visible warning signals that lasted for as long as the occupant was unbelted, the ignition was on, and the transmission was in forward or reverse. 9 Madison, WI 53705 - Wisconsin Department of Transportation g. (NH4)2CO3\left(\mathrm{NH}_4\right)_2 \mathrm{CO}_3(NH4)2CO3 0000042348 00000 n are not part of the published document itself. To facilitate an effective warning that advances safety and is appropriate for diverse vehicle types and uses, NHTSA seeks comment on alternative cost-effective solutions that would alert the driver when a rear seat passenger buckles and/or unbuckles. All of the above Explain why you agree or disagree, suggest alternatives, and substitute language for your requested changes. On June 29, 2010, the agency published a Request for Comments (RFC) on the petition. 208 for the driver's seat belt warning. Mark Freedman et al. 95. 27. In addition, you should submit a copy, from which you have deleted the claimed confidential business information, to the docket at the address given above under ADDRESSES. Effectiveness and Acceptance of Enhanced Seat Belt Reminder Systems: Characteristics of Optimal Reminder Systems, Final Report. MAP-21 requires the Secretary to initiate a rulemaking proceeding to amend FMVSS No. 18-20. informational resource until the Administrative Committee of the Federal [88] WebExamples of Unattended vehicles in a sentence. Motor vehicle safety standard means a minimum performance standard for motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment. 49. from 40 agencies. Document page views are updated periodically throughout the day and are cumulative counts for this document. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Occupant Crash Protection Occupant detection systems are practical for the front outboard passenger seating position, as that passenger seat is not typically subject to as many of the potential complications to occupant detection posed by rear seats (such as large occupants spanning multiple seating positions). Both We seek comment on specific warning signal attributes that NHTSA could propose (e.g., duration of an audible warning), and how effective they might be, especially as compared to other possible signal attributes. DOT HS-810-844. [9] NHTSA has not subsequently amended FMVSS No. This feature is not available for this document. Tinting. Neither Euro NCAP or the ECE regulation require an audible warning for rear seats. 30. Seat belt warnings for front outboard passenger seats (which are not required by FMVSS No. "%z)MP dxY KrXs4g,JDa7/KEGb"Z>yd Gl/{v:tf\gipiUju}Ymt:zP:r0W T'gwSIHDW! C We have asked commenters to answer a variety of questions to elicit practical information about alternative approaches and relevant technical data. documents in the last year, by the Justice Department [29] Speeding was a contributing factor in 27% of all fatal crashes in 2016, and 10,111 lives were lost in speeding-related crashes. [Found in the docket for this ANPRM.]. Starting in September 2019, the Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) Regulation No. Li, R., Pickrell, T.M. 208 by removing the 8-second limitation would eliminate the need to differentiate between signals and give vehicle manufacturers greater flexibility in designing their seat belt warning systems. (B) that has soil with poor drainage. 04/28/2023, 258 208 to provide a safety belt use warning system for designated seating positions in the rear seat. Webpounds or less. It directs the Secretary to either issue a final rule, or, if the Secretary determines that such an amendment does not meet the requirements and considerations of 49 U.S.C. The ECE regulation uses similar thresholds, but lets the manufacturer choose either a speed, distance traveled, or a duration threshold. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, p. 10. establishing the XML-based Federal Register as an ACFR-sanctioned on NARA's archives.gov. 208 for compliance testing of low-risk deployment and suppression air bag systems? Rear seat belt use in 2017, however, was 75.4 percent. The document also seeks comment on removing the 8-second maximum duration for the driver's seat belt warning specified in FMVSS No. Note that all comments received will be posted without change to http://www.regulations.gov,, including any personal information provided. Key Findings Fifty-one percent of passenger vehicle . 208 to require a seat belt warning system for rear seats on passenger cars and MPVs with a GVWR of 4,536 kg (10,000 lb) or less. Information of this sort is already required by FMVSS No. The documents posted on this site are XML renditions of published Federal 2007. 30111,[43] Of those who wore seat belts most of the time as drivers, only a small percentage said they wore them always (12%) or most of the time (21%) when riding in the rear. WebIn 2018, 803 unbelted rear seat passenger vehicle occupants age eight and older died in traffic crashes in the United States. It also recommended that Congress amend the Safety Act to eliminate the 8-second limit on the length of the audible warning. Would delaying the warning until the vehicle is placed in gear make it more likely that the occupants fasten their belts before the vehicle is in motion? This PDF is 94. We seek comment on what vehicle types should be included and excluded, including the costs and benefits of inclusion. Manufacturers would Start Printed Page 51089also have to determine whether driver and rear passenger seat belt warning visual signals would be treated the same. WebRoad rage is the term used to refer to physical assults that result from a traffic dispute True It has been estimated that over the last ten years aggressive driving has cost society $24 If a visual warning system including a telltale were to be required, should NHTSA propose requirements for telltale characteristics, and if so, what should they be? ECE Regulation No. (49 CFR part 512). MAP-21 instructs NHTSA to initiate a rulemaking proceeding for a rear seat belt warning system and to issue a final rule if it would meet the requirements in section 30111 of the Safety Act. [24] documents in the last year, 494 Euro NCAP provides consumer information on the safety of new cars. %%EOF SABs are being offered as standard or optional equipment on many new passenger vehicles. This does not include respondents who indicated that they never drive. h. Cr2S3\mathrm{Cr}_2 \mathrm{~S}_3Cr2S3. The audible signal for the front occupants has two stages, an initial and final audible signal, which have different onset criteria. If you are submitting comments electronically as a PDF (Adobe) file, NHTSA asks that the documents be submitted using the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) process, thus allowing NHTSA to search and copy certain portions of your submissions. How much more complex or expensive would they be? e. KCl\mathrm{KCl}KCl 54, 57. https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2019-20644, MODS: Government Publishing Office metadata, https://www.transportation.gov/regulations/dot-information-dissemination-quality-guidelines, https://www.regulations.gov/docs/Tips_For_Submitting_Effective_Comments.pdf. NHTSA surveyed (by telephone) drivers of vehicles with and without a rear seat belt warning system. Under good weather and clear visibility, what minimum following distance should you keep between your car and the car in front of you? NHTSA seeks comment on whether a proposed rear seat belt warning system would meet the requirements and considerations of 49 U.S.C. to submit a report to Congress describing the reasons for not prescribing such a standard. A positive-only system would be the least technically complex of the three. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Li, R., Pickrell, T.M. In Florida, in 2017, approximately _______ people died every day in alcohol-related crashes. Your comments must not be more than 15 pages long. 2017. TRUE B.) 2002. :Z_. True Modern vehicles are designed to crush when they crash to absorb Except for change of status events, the system may allow the driver to acknowledge the signal for rear seats and switch it off. See Donna Glassbrenner. NHTSA also seeks comment on whether an audible warning alone, without a visual warning, would be an effective way to alert the driver to the status of the rear seat belts and increase rear seat belt use. documents in the last year, by the Environmental Protection Agency Modern vehicles are designed to crush when they crash to absorb kinetic energy. Seat belt use warning systems may also be referred to in this document as seat belt warning systems or seat belt reminder systems. 19. documents in the last year, 669 For vehicles that have information on the occupancy status of the rear seats, the visual warning does not need to indicate unfastened seat belts for unoccupied seating positions. Passenger vehicles with more than one person. Risk of injury for occupants of motor vehicle collisions from Three are particularly relevant to today's ANPRM. Should NHTSA retain these criteria to determine if a rear seated occupant is belted, and if not, what should the criteria be, and why? In response, NHTSA amended FMVSS No. Nathan K. Greenwell. Since it would only need to detect whether a seat belt is in use, it would require seat belt latch or webbing spool-out sensors (assuming no defeat sensing was required). Boyle & Lampkin, supra, p. iv. 0000007371 00000 n d. Cu(OH)2\mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{OH})_2Cu(OH)2 A.) 30111, to submit a report to Congress describing the reasons for not prescribing such a standard. 30124). ]';~,v7['.v&Z-Mf]PGW#^fU;$Q:FHo>qhp-^J9M0*EIdCH_"g2Zd\nJCCPbk+3n*]*1n-J"HMrGR> 3H^ V)FaV"kh The third report summarized and extended the analyses from the previous two reports. Drivers do not need to be aware of road hazards and road conditions that may affect their vehicle. In addition, rear seats may be less well-defined than most front seats, which could make it more challenging for a sensor to define seat occupancy accurately. FMVSS No. 32. Boyle & Lampkin, supra, p. 75. The regulation will be introduced in two phases: September 1, 2019 for new vehicle types, i.e., applied to all vehicle models that get a new type approval and September 1, 2021 for all newly produced and registered vehicles. (An enhanced warning system is one with visual and/or audible warning signals that exceed the maximum durations specified in S7.3, and/or that applies to seating positions other than the driver's seat). 04/28/2023, 204 0000011021 00000 n Unrestrained passenger vehicle occupant fatalities up 14% Motorcyclist fatalities up 11% (highest number since first data collection in 1975) Bicyclist fatalities up 9.2% (highest number since 1987) Passenger car occupant fatalities up 9% Fatalities in urban areas up 8.5% Pedestrian fatalities up 3.9% (highest number since 1989) These are both legitimate questions and while it may seem 208) currently on the market are also typically audio-visual. 0000101579 00000 n 2 killed, including 1 child, when Mustang crashes into semi just B.) This fact sheet provides information on who was involved in serious injury and fatal unbelted-occupant crashes, where and when these crashes Euro NCAP specifies that a change-of-status audible warning must be 30 seconds long in order to receive bonus points. The city of Provo in Utah, tats-Unis, has 44 public charging station ports (Level 2 and Level 3) within 15km. Should the warning be standardized, and would this increase the likelihood that consumers would notice, recognize, and respond to the warnings? documents in the last year, 24 Hard-core non-users are those who generally do not acknowledge the benefits of seat belts and are opposed to their use.[90] 2009. Euro NCAP introduced SBRS bonus points in 2002. [64] 36, 38. Occupant detection technology. NHTSA also seeks comment on whether and to what extent any proposed requirements might (or should) be based upon or differ from other regulatory requirements (such as ECE requirements) or consumer information programs (such as Euro NCAP). 0000019826 00000 n developer tools pages. NHTSA's consumer research shows that part-time non-users make up the majority of non-users (83%), while hard-core non-users make up a smaller proportion of non-users (17%). The agency's 2015 Survey of Principal Drivers of Vehicles with a Rear Seat Belt Reminder System found that a change of status warning is effective in getting passengers to refasten their seat belt.
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