Temne People - Culture | Technology Trends behaviorboys may learn the arts of proper male social conduct, Establishing the Protectorate changed British dealings with the chiefdoms; they made them units of local government rather than dealing with them as equals. Temne culture revolves around the paramount chiefs, and the secret societies, especially the men's Poro society and the women's Bondo society. National Identity. president as the head of state. people "exists" or not, but whether local dialects once English speech, satellite television, and Mercedes-Benz cars (or Yet small and British conquered the area and deported them to Nova Scotia, from where The current president of Sierra Leone Ernest Bai Koroma (2007-present) is Temne. I have contacted the Embassy of the Republic of Sierra Leone because I wish to learn more of Sierra Leone, the culture, and trace my heritage to possible relatives that may still be living. Directed by Fode Katibi Tour and his brothers Fod Boubacar Fofana and Fod Boubacar Yansan, their primary mission was to Islamize the natives of the said locality who were Temne people. to everyday life. This was the MOST useful site i have used for my project on Sierra Leone. I really love this..it helps me in my homeworks..In English subject. "Calendar," "Dr. Oloh," and back to Africa to settle, where they could begin life anew. This information have been a window into the lives of my Ancestors and the area that my people came from. Relations have generally been good between them, and Sierra Leone has aged eighteen to twenty-nine are often attracted to mining jobs and the For example, the two largest Temne were indicated on subsequent Portuguese maps, and references to them and brief vocabularies appear in the texts. in the world, and the second highest infant morality rate (195 out of This website is DOPE! I couldn't have gotten an A without it! Linguistic Affiliation. [5] Some Temne are fisherman, artisans and traders. expertise. welfare needs has meant a corresponding increase in the number and elite families are those who can trace descent (usually through the The Temne are traditionally farmers, growing rice, cassava, millet and kola nut. franca Krio, widespread membership in men's and women's julius, How can I get A Visa of Sierra Leone? this article helped so much. im so happy that i found this if i did not i would fail english=), This information just saved me, I never would of finisihed me geography project without it! [67] The caste hierarchy and social stratification has been more well established in the northern parts of Temne territories. ethnic group and socioeconomic status, but usually begin when a man is Basically, Temne have always hadand have todaya household mode of production: most farmwork is done by members of the household on the household's farmland. use is folks! outside the capital city. pepper sauce, small bags of popcorn or peanuts, bread, roasted corn, or Outside of the major Muslim and Christian holidays, Sierra Leoneans also This page is not just important but indispensable for our development. Center for Health Information. religious specialists, educators, policemen, and blacksmiths. There are an estimated forty-five thousand total combatants that Bai Bureh, a Temne war chief, and 23 other chiefs unsuccessfully petitioned the governor for relief from the tax, demonstrating its adverse effects on their societies. buildings have become a source of national pride, especially the Domestic Unit. I read this information with eagerness and I learnt so much in 30 minutes. is obligated to assist one's family members throughout life. leaves, cassava leaves, hot peppers, peanuts, beans, okra, fish, beef, shortened this time to a month or less. depending on one's linguistic tendency to "lump" or song, and folklore, and valued for their central and staple contributions Estimates vary between when Tenme began converting to Islam. influenced by Krio and colonial English styles. The colonial administration developed infrastructure to facilitate the distribution of a growing volume of trade goods. , 1978. Fishing in the interior rivers and permanent ponds is more important. kilometers), it is slightly smaller than the state of South Carolina. Nearly all of the cattle are bred outside the Temne area. This website helped me to have a better undersanding of her culture and who she is at the core. The Temne have long been predominantly farmers of dry rice, intercropped with a variety of secondary crops. [56], Temne traditional religion involves belief in a Supreme Being and Creator referred to as Kuru Masaba,[49] followed in rank by lesser deities. without access to formal education. thanks. [2] Bai Bureh had long been an ally of the British and made numerous peace overtures, which they ignored. ancestors for good fortune. and internally displaced people who have fled the violence surrounding Canadian Journal of African Studies [55], The early start did not, however, trigger mass conversions. [17], Between the 16th and 18th century, several Mand ethnic groups such as the Koranko, the Susu and the Yalunka also arrived. "The Revolutionary United [41][42], The ongoing wars between the various ethnic groups, along with the military action from the north by the Futa Jalon Almamate into the Temne territories, threatened the Sierra Leone-related economic interests of the European colonial powers. These and other missions began proselytizing the newly settled slaves, the Susu people and the Temne people in their neighborhood. Each village also had an elected headman. Kandeh, Borbor Sama. my SAP project is infinitely better than it would have been without this page :), I think its necessary for sierraleonean to know thier History, This information is so helpful.. skewers of grilled meat or shrimp. government, and industry. if you will read the scripture, king james version you will find out that the negros are the real hebrew israelites, According to some oral traditions, the history of the Temne migration toward present-day Sierra Leone begins in ancient Israel. Naimbana signed the treaty in 1788 giving this land to the colonists. A notable Muslim chief named Bai Bureh sent a signed letter to the British in December 1898 stating that the tax was a heavy load, and the British ban on "not to barter any slaves again, not to buy again, nor to put pledge again" under penalties of jail was unacceptable. "Salliah." First imposed on January 1, 1898, the hut tax aroused immediate and intense opposition. This really helps me alot were studying about her and got 100 percent thank you so much. Knowledge A society can, for example, autonomously determine The basic household structure is an extended family, organized for the children to create new alliances with other families. [41][43], The British colonial government was directly ruling the Temne lands, enforced their anti-slavery laws, and instituted new taxes to finance their local administration in 1894. These are Brooks, George. This is followed by low-lying mangrove lower literacy rates. This really helped me find information for my isearch paper my english paper, This site is great, the layout is perfect and easy to use I'm so pleased with the information I got. against innocent civilians, however, and the failure of government There were Temne speakers along the coast in what is now Sierra Leone when the first Portuguese ships arrived, in the 14th century. Their cash crops include peanuts and tobacco. areas of lively informal debate and conversation among men. began in 1991. The Temne territories went to the British. severely limited Sierra Leone's ability to provide basic social the center of trade and colonial administration in the region. Its operation is Nigeria maintains some troop presence in the country, and a force of over , Vol. I have saved time on researching the web for info for my report. [24] The Portuguese records describe the culture and religion of the Temne people that their ships met as communities living near water, worshippers of idols made of clay, and men having their gods, while women had their own". In the north, among the Temne, imported cotton or satin is tie-dyed in beautiful patterns with indigo, the red juice of the kola nut, or imported dyes. Some associations had small buildings for regalia. A few maintain cattle, at least part of the time. Spatially, long-distance trade patterns were usually dendritic in form. are also important, as are small-scale marketing and commodity trade. Having many children is in fact an investment centrally organized national health service reached only an estimated 35 In [4] Some Temne are also found in Guinea. Ministry of National Reconstruction, 1996. The land or chiefdom was originally secured by the chiefly kin group by occupation of vacant land or by conquest. Sierra Leone's Settler Women Traders: Women on the Afro-European eaten every day. These include diviners, healers, men's and women's well as deeply and personally felt. 1: Comprehensive Tables, 1998. Temne society is patrilineal. Few of these have Fantastic an enjoyable read - I am shortly visiting and I found it extremely helpful thank you. Village-level occupations are usually obtain rights to land through their father's side. Almost all ceremonial occasions such as weddings, funerals, initiations, The Temne are traditionally farmers, growing rice, cassava, millet and kola nut. Still others were ex-slaves who had There is also multiparty legislative power vested in an eighty-member The Mende are generally known as growers of rice and several other crops, practicing crop rotation to protect soil productivity. plateau in the east, where Mount Bintumani rises to 6,390 feet (1,948 I just found out my great grandad, my mums grand dad was white british settlers in seirra-leone years and years ago. Fyle, C. Magbaily. A heritage tour of Carriacou - Temne People and Culture Gradually, some Temne adopted Christianity. As a result, many people fear the witches and carry charms or medicines to ward off their evil acts. this is very useful it helped a lot but i need information on important people over there if u have anything let m know. Temne People - Culture - LiquiSearch Leone army soldiers, civilian militias, and RUF rebels. i really liked the fact that your wrote this with some sensitivity to the locals without writing and agenda that is very different to the understanding by locals. recession, and a large informal economy have all posed real problems to Different species of palms contribute to cooking oil, The climate is tropical, with two seasons determining the Water is often considered especially important and many with greetings, diplomacy, provisions of respect, religious rites, and I learnt many of the basic information that is necessary to know before visiting a new country. H incidence of warfare and violence among the local population. materials do allow for more permanent structures needing less maintenance. Though initially supported by the National Their relations with the Temne and other indigenous ethnic groups in the country were not always amicable, as they had competing cultures. burial ceremony with Access to clean drinking water and Gradually imported manufactured goods replaced those made locally and caused the loss of some traditional craft skills. Reports often list Sierra Leoneans as 60 percent Muslim, 10 percent , 1994. pride or shared national identification, especially in the rural areas The construction of a narrow-gauge railway (the SLGRR) stimulated the development of towns along the route. the "womanly knowledge" and secrets over which the society High in value only to foreign countries, way of life. The building of feeder roads extended the areas served by the SLGRR. Through most of the 19th century, the Temne used their traditional wooden farming tools (hoes, digging sticks, and knives), although these were progressively being replaced by iron hoes, cutlasses, and knives made by local blacksmiths; they were later imported. all of the population has at one time been displaced, either within or 9(2): 7191, 1984. however Im astonish over the figure given on the percentage of animist in the country (30%. The relative status of women is a bit paradoxical. Temnes are primarily composed of scholars,[citation needed] business people, farmers, and coastal fishermen. Upon resettlement, the Liberated Africans intermarried with the Nova Scotian Settlers and Jamaican Maroons, and the two groups developed a unique set of customs and culture based on the fusion of western traditions and their diverse African ethnic heritages into a new Creole/Krio identity. beaches, or the large natural harbor with home; people from the east often seem to have low statuswomen technically live under the authority Land Tenure and Property. Real food is rice, prepared numerous ways, and family ancestry information has been very informative.It helps to know your past so that you can appreciate your future. There are exceptions to this, most notably among the Religious Tradition: Authoritative Knowledge in Pujehun District, Sierra gaeylie, Kenneth. wide variety of fruits, seafood, potatoes, cassava, etc.but these is a clay and earth structure, built with a thatch roof. "benevolent" movement to round them all up and take them For all Sierra Leoneans, marriage is a mark of adult maturity and brings > Temne Cultural Associations and Popular Representations 5 - Temne Cultural Associations and Popular Representations from Part III - Ethnocentrism and New Frames of Popular Culture Published online by Cambridge University Press: 30 October 2017 Joseph J. Bangura Chapter Get access Share Cite Summary Colonel Frederic Cardew was appointed as military governor, but all his experience was in the armed forces. Some of his later actions indicate that he was happy with the presence of the colony in his territory. Reno, William. rights and responsibilities exist on both sides of one's family, Many kids are thankful. All the territory of an administrative chiefdom is technically held by The "good" among those who have been to school. war-inspired, socially marginalized youth fighting continued exclusion, of sorts, which, though initially expensive to maintain, eventually allows world. , 1992. Some Sierra Leoneans will claim that one of the most persistent and "Precolonial Commerce in Northeastern Sierra I'm doing a report on Sierra Leone. Although English is the country's official language, the Mende and the Temne are the principal vernacular languages spoken in the south and north of the country, respectively . relatively inferior. "liars") can manage to earn a living from their trade, Like that of its Creole counterpart, Temne identity proved malleable. The Temne have combined Islam with their traditional religion in syncretic practice. British groups discovered new resources; the Sierra Leone Development Company (SLDC/DELCO) exported iron for the first time in 1933, from the mine at Marampa. Government funding for the arts has been extremely limited and most While each ethnic group speaks its own thank god i found this site.i would hav stuggled wif my assignment. The headman typically inherited the post, being the descendant of the village founder. [3][5] Following their migration they came into contact with the Limba people, the Temnes fought and forced the Limba northeast and the Bullom southwards. Also, the original article has a lot of "Thank-you's" to the Sierra Leoneans who gave me their input and advice! relatively cool inside during the season of hot and dry months. Depending on the occasion, a with a chief justice as head. B. virtually every meal. A few famous Sierra Leonean musicians have gained widespread appeal both groups. It is a good article on the culture of sierra leone and I think it reflect the country's true cultural make up. percent of the population, with less than 1 percent of annual government The largest of these societies are the Poro and Bondo which are found in the west, while the smaller Ragbenle is found in the east of Temne territory. perhaps the founder of the village. Kalashnikov rifles, usually channeled into Sierra Leone by His role in challenging the British laws in his times, and its effect on Temne people, has been widely studied. 31 (1/2): 136 150, 1987. Higher Education. Smuggling, corruption, worldwide construction techniques have the advantage of allowing the house to stay inside easily accessible. Leone." [2] There was related resistance by the Mende in the southeast of the country. infrastructure, and poorly paid professors. To a large extent, however, participation in the initiation ceremonies. The Temne people speak Temne, a language in the Mel branch of the NigerCongo languages. still play an active part in the child's life. Church Missionary Society representatives were active up the Rokel River and elsewhere in Temne country throughout the 19th century. rule" whereby they relied on slightly reorganized indigenous meal by a wholehearted, "Come, let's eat." "Mende and Sherbro Women in High Office." Besides Muslim and Christian holy leaders, there are a number of thanks so much i would have failed so badly if not 4 this page, I don`t even know what to say , because it`s so soul touching and beautiful .It is like a fairy palace in a fairy land . There is truly no need to go to any other website because all of it is right here.!!!!!! at home and abroad, such as "S. E. Rogers," The British administration favored a policy of "indirect 49: 2233, 1990. [28][35] But this fast-growing center of newly resettled men, women, and children[35] was regarded ambivalently by the Temne. Finally, from the time when the It reached from Bakeh towards the northern part of the Pamoronkoh River (today known as the Rokel River). Division of Labor by Gender. Serra Lyoa Some of the Temne people have grown wet rice from at least the 19th century in inland swamps, seasonal ponds, and in cleared overflow areas along the lower Scarcies River. Thank you for posting this research. amass this himself, but often has to ask his father and his Zack-Williams, A. Several British troops were killed. Support for the Arts. economy receives little of the benefits that could come from the official in their order. [66], Among some clans of the Temne, there were endogamous castes of artisans and musicians. much as they unify, others have noted how they provide substantial recognize their own role in inadvertently funding the conflict, and average woman bears six children during her lifetime. The Temne are rice farmers, fishermen, and traders. Today most village households continue to keep chickens; some also keep ducks, sheep, goats, dogs, and cats. Temne | people | Britannica explorer Pedro da Cintra, sailing down the West African coast, saw the initiation gives her womanly status, allowing her to marry and bear governor. a family to accumulate wealth by creating a large and diverse labor pool, Culture Today, the Temne are rice farmers, fishermen, and traders. The Temne are mainly farmers whose staple crop is rice, supplemented by peanuts (groundnuts), cotton, cassava, and millet; cash crops are palm kernels and kola nuts. A chiefdom contained villages, with a sub-chief who would head one or more villages. please compare the religious festivals and non religion festivals in sierra Leone. their mandate has proven somewhat limited. Temne culture places great emphasis on individualism, hard work, and personal initiative. Sierra Leone Heritage Temne a functional unit. area. Basic Economy. Increasingly, "love marriages" are more common, especially world. in Sierra Leone." Village." It has featured a decentralized political system with village chiefs and an endogamous hierarchical social stratification. The Gullahs' ancestors were, after all, coming from many different tribes, or ethnic groups, in Africa. , by Syl Cheney-Coker (Heinmann Books). Sierra Leone became an independent, sovereign state Another has been the near Temne of Sierra Leone: African Agency in the Making of a British Colony is more complementary than subordinate, due mostly to the considerable Sierra Leonean society is in some ways a stratified one. Parliament, whose members are elected to five-year terms. MacCormack, Carol. This is most often land and personal property, but they emigrated en masse to Sierra Leone. The emergence of a [48], Temne originally practiced a traditional polytheistic religion which included belief in a Supreme Being. In subsistence farming, the traditional gender division of tasks, which never held for domestic slaves, has substantially broken down in the 20th century. [3][5] They initially practiced their traditional religion before Islam was adopted through contact with Muslim traders from neighboring ethnic groups. in 1995 was only 34.1 years, down significantly from previously improving My mother is a sierraleonean from makeni, and i have always wanted to know more about her heritage n stuffs, this site does it in an interesting way. "Traditional Midwifery in Sierra Leone." especially since the 1991 conflict began. swamps, rain-forested plains and farmland, and finally a mountainous Today, 5 to 10% of Temne are followers of Christianity. this is a very good piece for me to build upon my knowledge uncontaminated from the west perspective about sierra leone. There are also critically acclaimed Sierra Leonean Oil palms and fruit and other trees provided additional foodstuffs. , Vol. I am currently looking for displaced family members who have since Sierra Leone After the war. Religious Practitioners. The people used crop rotation, planting peanuts, cassava, and other crops on the previous year's rice farm. Africa Development , 1996. rice to daily existence in Sierra Leone. Foods we keep on hand, eating for nourishment and comfort from grandma's ever on, I found on your listing. good resorce.also i think this is realyy good for us children. These southeastern Temne believe in spirits and divination by believing that their ancestral spirits reside in a transitional region before proceeding to the Islamic idea of an eternal paradise or hell. Coffee, cocoa, and ginger are grown as cash crops, whereas rice, pepper, groundnuts, sesame seeds, and palm oil are grown for local consumption. Because if you know where you come from, you will know where to go and what to do. Naimbana provided land and labor to help the newly-freed Black Nova Scotians who founded Freetown in 1792, as a resettlement for former slaves liberated by abolition activists,[31][28] as well as a center of economic activity between the Europeans and the ethnic groups of Sierra Leone including the Temne people. [47] The Temne chief's military response against the colonial British in 1898, states Michael Crowder a professor of History specializing on West Africa, was a protest not just against the hut tax but against a host of laws that had challenged the embedded social systems within the Temne society. My social studies teacher assigned me to the country seirra leone and this page has all that i need! Schistosomiasis, bloody diarrhea, tetanus, measles, and A Short History of Sierra Leone Young men Infant Care. The operations against Bai Bureh, from February to November, involved "some of the most stubborn fighting that has been seen in West Africa," according to a British commander. Non-ancestral spirits, some regarded as good and others mischievous or vicious, also receive sacrifices to help or not harm the living. [1] They speak Temne, a Mel branch of the NigerCongo languages. and usher in peace between all ethnic groups. Medical facilities are extremely strained and are continuing to decline, There are between fifteen and twenty ethnic groups in Sierra Leone, cooking.". as "Liberian" or "Guinean" in origin. Chiefs and some subchiefs had rectangular, open-sided structures with thatch roofs, which they used for hearing court cases and for various ceremonies. When the motor road system developed, villages cut paths to the roads, and some Temne villages, in whole or in part, relocated along them. Little wage labor is used in agriculture. my great grandad was called "parker rogers" johnny or john. This system For men, the main specialized skills were related to iron smelting and working, weaving, woodworking, leatherworking, fishing, hunting and trapping, and drumming. After the Mali Empire, they migrated to Jalunkandu Empire in the 11th and 12th centuries, mainly due to the fall of the Jalunkandu Empire in what latter become Fouta Jallon, in the High Lands of present-day Republic of Guinea. In The It is a GREAT rescource. A girl's as this confers them distinct political and economic advantages. [35] Over time, 60,000 such Liberated Africans (many of whom were Yoruba, Ibo, Congolese, Ashanti, Bassa, and other West African groups) joined the Maroons and Nova Scotian settlers to claim Freetown as their home. Rice development was encouraged by the colonial administration from the 1930s. This settlement of freed slaves from the Americas, inspired by philanthropic British abolitionists, was regarded ambivalently by Temne traders. thatch roofs, fermented wine, soap, fruits, and nuts. [6], The Temne people migrated from the Futa Jallon region of Guinea, who left their original settlements to escape Fula jihads in the 15th century, and migrated south before settling between the Kolent and Rokel River area of Sierra Leone.
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